首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
考研
One of the most eminent of psychologists, Clark Hull, claimed that the essence of reasoning lies in the putting together of two
One of the most eminent of psychologists, Clark Hull, claimed that the essence of reasoning lies in the putting together of two
admin
2009-05-21
31
问题
One of the most eminent of psychologists, Clark Hull, claimed that the essence of reasoning lies in the putting together of two ’behavior segments’ in some novel way, never actually performed before, so as to reach a goal. Two followers of Clark Hull, Howard and Tracey Kendler, (21) a test for children that was explicitly based on Clark Hull’s principles. The children were given the (22) of learning to operate a machine so as to get a toy. In order to succeed they had to go through a two-stage (23) . The children were trained on each stage (24) . The stages consisted merely of pressing the correct one of two buttons to get a marble; and of (25) the marble into a small hole to release the toy.
The Kendlers found that the children could learn the separate bits readily enough. (26) the task of getting a marble by pressing the button they could get the marble; given the task of getting a toy when a marble was handed to them, they could use the marble. (All they had to do was put it in a hole.) (27) they did not for the most part ’integrate’, to use the Kendlers’ terminology. They did not press the button to get the marble and then (28) without further help to use the marble to get the toy. So the Kendlers concluded that they were incapable of deductive (29) .
The mystery at first appears to deepen when we learn, from (30) psychologist, Michael Cole, and his colleagues, that adults in an African culture apparently cannot do the Kendlers’ task either. But it lessens, (31) when we learn that a task was devised which was (32) to the Kendlers’ one but much easier for the African males to handle.
(33) the button-pressing machine, Cole used a locked box and two (34) colored match-boxes, one of which contained a key that would open the box. Notice that there are still two (35) segments--"open the right matchbox to get the key" and "use the key to open the box"--so the task seems formally to be (36) But psychologically it is quite different. Now the subject is dealing not with a strange machine but with familiar meaningful objects; and it is clear to him what he is meant to do. It then (37) that the difficulty of integration is greatly reduced.
Recent work by Simon Hewson is of great interest here for it shows that, for young children, (38) , the difficulty lies not in the (39) processes which the task demands, but in certain perplexing features of the apparatus and the procedure. When these are changed in ways which do not at all affect the inferential nature of the problem, then five-year-old children solve the problem (40) college students did in the Kendlers’ own experiments.
选项
A、reassuming
B、discussing
C、reasoning
D、demonstrating
答案
C
解析
本题测试搭配。reassume意为“再设想,再假定”;discuss意为“探讨,讨论”;reason意为“推论,推理”,指用逻辑思维来决定或推论……;demonstrate意为“论证,证明”,指通过实验、例子或实际应用来解释并说明。deductive reasoning是习惯搭配,意思是“演绎推理”。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/YRsa777K
本试题收录于:
MBA联考(英语)题库专业硕士分类
0
MBA联考(英语)
专业硕士
相关试题推荐
现代证券组合理论(ModernPortfolioTheory,MPT)
Today,thecomputerhastakenupappliancestatusinmorethan42percentofhouseholdsacrosstheUnitedStates.Andthesecomp
"Theword’protection’isnolongertaboo(禁忌语)"Thisshortsentence,utteredbyFrenchPresidentNicolasSarkozylatelastmont
OlympicGamesareheldeveryfouryearsatadifferentsite,inwhichathletes(21)______differentnationscompeteagainste
Whatdose"thispsychologicalformulation"(Paragraph1)referto?WhichoffollowingstatementsisNOTtrueaccordingtothed
AlanGreenspanoweshisreputationmuchto______.TheauthorseemstoregardGreenspan’smanipulationofinterestrateswith_
Oneofthemosteminentofpsychologists,ClarkHull,claimedthattheessenceofreasoningliesintheputtingtogetheroftwo
Toour______,Geoffrey’sillnessprovednottobeasseriousaswehadfeared.
Leaddeposits,whichaccumulatedinsoilandsnowduringthe1960’sand70’s,wereprimarilytheresultofleadedgasolineemiss
Afterayearofrecordmortgageforeclosuresandslumpinghomeprices,Americansaremoredeterminedtoshapeuptheirflabbyfi
随机试题
测定水泥标准稠度用水量的方法有()。
一20岁青年男性,玻璃割伤右前臂如患者出现对掌困难,考虑下列哪种损伤
患者,男,60岁。反复上腹痛3年,疼痛节律不明显,食欲缺乏。突然呕血3次,每次300ml,经积极治疗24小时,出血仍不止。血压为90/50mmHg。最适宜的治疗措施是
A.胎儿窘迫B.新生儿重度窒息C.新生儿轻度窒息D.新生儿呼吸窘迫综合征E.新生儿肺炎并呼吸衰竭新生儿呼吸表浅或不规则的临床表现符合
下列属于过滤的影响因素的有()
砂仁入汤剂宜
施工安全隐患处理的单项隐患综合处理原则指的是()。
根据规定,商业汇票的失票人可以向()申请公示催告。
甲公司为上市公司。20×7年至20×9年,甲公司及其子公司发生的有关交易或事项如下:(1)20×7年1月1日,甲公司以30500万元从非关联方购入乙公司60%的股权,购买日乙公司可辨认净资产的公允价值为50000万元(含原未确认的无形资产公允价值300
OnthisspecialoccasionI’dliketoexpressmy______wishesforyourfuturehappiness.
最新回复
(
0
)