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  3. Nobody likes to be spied on, especially by their allies, so it is hardly surprising that Europeans are angry about American espi

Nobody likes to be spied on, especially by their allies, so it is hardly surprising that Europeans are angry about American espi

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问题     Nobody likes to be spied on, especially by their allies, so it is hardly surprising that Europeans are angry about American espionage operations conducted against them, on their territory. These include spying on the European Union embassy in Washington, DC(with a bug in the fax machine), and on the governments of France, Germany and other countries, as well as the collection of large amounts of electronic data—in Germany’s case half a billion phone calls, e-mails and text messages every month. In a country where Gestapo crimes still leave dark shadows, and privacy rights have near-religious significance that causes outrage.
    Many Europeans see in the disclosure further evidence of American arrogance and unaccountabili-ty—just another episode in a story that includes an illegal war in Iraq, "extraordinary rendition" , water boarding and secret prisons. Some European politicians want a punitive response. One idea is to suspend agreements on sharing financial and other data between intelligence and law-enforcement agencies. Another is to halt talks on a big new transatlantic trade deal. A third is to offer asylum to Edward Snowden, the source of the leaks about his former employer, America’s National Security Agency.
    But any of these grandstanding approaches would be a mistake. One reason is hypocrisy. France has formidable foreign-intelligence services that spy on America, for economic and political advantage. Much of the intelligence that America gathers—especially in counter-terrorism—is shared with European countries. And much of the American activity in Europe happens in partnership with local agencies, even in Germany. Some of this co-operation may be of borderline legality in the countries concerned. Its disclosure may be embarrassing for politicians there. But that is hardly America’s fault.
    A second reason is self-interest. America’s security umbrella allows European countries to feel safe from, for instance, the possibility of future Russian aggression while spending little on defense. But Europeans cannot take such protection for granted. In many American eyes, Europeans are already wobbly, tiresome free-riders.
    Europe also has most to gain from a transatlantic trade deal. It desperately needs the extra economic growth an agreement would bring. America wants it too—but it is already enjoying a moderate economic revival of the sort the Europeans would kill for, and is also involved in negotiating a similar, transpacific pact, on which it can focus its efforts if the spying row makes dealing with the Europeans too difficult.
    Finally, there is the pointlessness of the threat. Even if European governments did cut intelligence links with the Americans, that would not stop the spying. America would continue to conduct operations against all but a handful of truly close allies, such as Canada and Britain.
What is the author’s attitude towards European reaction against American spying?
选项 A、Indifferent.
B、Optimistic.
C、Skeptical.
D、Intolerable.
答案C
解析 题目中考查的是作者态度。此类题的解答需纵观全文，尤其抓住各段的主题句，总结出作者的真正目的。本文从第三段至第五段论证了欧洲政客提出的三点惩戒措施不可行的原因，最后一段又明确指出窃听会继续，暗示欧美的联系也不会中断，威胁无用。无疑，本题答案为选项[C]。
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