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  3. If there is an oil-supply disruption resulting in higher international oil prices, domestic oil prices in open-market countries

If there is an oil-supply disruption resulting in higher international oil prices, domestic oil prices in open-market countries

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问题 If there is an oil-supply disruption resulting in higher international oil prices, domestic oil prices in open-market countries such as the United States will rise as well, whether such countries import all or none of their oil. If the statement above concerning oil-supply disruptions is true, which of the following policies in an open-market nation is most likely to reduce the long-term economic impact on that nation of sharp and unexpected increases in international oil prices?
选项 A、Maintaining the quantity of oil imported at constant yearly levels.
B、Increasing the number of oil tankers in its fleet.
C、Suspending diplomatic relations with major oil-producing nations.
D、Decreasing oil consumption through conservation.
E、Decreasing domestic production of oil.
答案D
解析 如果关于石油供应波动的论述是正确的，当石油供应波动导致国际油价上涨时，开放市场国家中国内油价也会上涨。在开放市场国家里，减少消耗的石油量能够减少这种上涨对经济的影响。选项(D)给出了一个减少石油消耗的办法，并因此成为正确答案。其他选项没有合适的。选项(A)和(E)实际上描述了增加国际油价上涨造成的长期影响的政策，文中没有提到经济影响和油轮数量[选项(B)]或外交关系[选项(C)]之间的关系。
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