首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Many objects in daily use have clearly been influenced by science, but their form and function, their dimensions arid appearance
Many objects in daily use have clearly been influenced by science, but their form and function, their dimensions arid appearance
admin
2011-01-04
28
问题
Many objects in daily use have clearly been influenced by science, but their form and function, their dimensions arid appearance were determined by technologists, artisans, designers, inventors, and engineers using nonscientific modes of thought. Many features and qualities of the objects that a technologist thinks about cannot be reduced to unambiguous verbal descriptions; they are dealt with in the mind by a visual, nonverbal process. In the development of Western technology, it has been nonverbal thinking, by and large, that has fixed the outlines and filled in the details, and rockets exist not because of geometry or thermodynamics (热力学) , but because they were first pictures in the minds of those who built them.
The creative shaping process of a technologist’s mind can be seen in nearly every artifact (人工制品) that exists. For example, in designing a diesel (柴油) engine, a technologist might impress individual ways of nonverbal thinking on the machine by continually using an intuitive sense of Tightness and fitness. What would be the shape of the combustion chamber? Where should be the valves played? Should it have a long or short piston(活塞)? Such questions have a range of answers that are supplied by experience? by physical requirements, by limitations of available space, and not least by a sense of form. Some decisions, such as wall thickness and pin diameter, may depend on scientific calculation, but the nonscientific component of design remains primary. Design courses, then, should be an essential element in engineering curricula. Nonverbal thinking, a central mechanism in engineering design, involves perceptions, the stock in trade of the artist, not the scientist. Because perceptive processes are not assumed to entail "hard thinking", nonverbal thought is sometimes seen as primitive stage in the development of cognitive processes and inferior to verbal or mathematical thought. But it is paradoxical that when the staff of the Historic American Engineering Record wished to have drawings made of machines and isometric (等距画法) views of industrial processes for its historical record of American engineering, the only college students with the requisite (必要的) abilities were not engineering students, but rather students attending architectural schools.
If courses in design, which in a strongly analytical engineering curriculum provide the background required for practical problem solving, are not provided, we call expect to encounter silly but costly errors occurring in advance engineering systems. For example, early models of high-speed railroad cars loaded with sophisticated controls were unable to operate in a snowstorm because a fan sucked snows into the electrical system. Absurd random failures that plague automatic control systems are not merely trivial aberrations(过失) ; they are a reflection of the chaos that results when design is assumed to be primarily a problem in mathematics.
It can be inferred that the author thinks engineering curricula are______.
选项
A、strengthened when they include courses in design
B、strong because nonverbal thinking is still emphasized by most of the courses
C、strong despite the errors that graduates of such curricular have made in the development of automatic control systems
D、strong despite the absence of nonscientific modes of thinking
答案
A
解析
仔细分析第三段首句和最后一句可知如包含设计课,那么工程学课程就会得到加强。其中作者指出设计课应成为工程学课程的基础课,但具有讽刺意味的是在绘制一些机器和工业进程的等比例图纸时,有能力做这项工作的是学建筑的学生而不是学工程的。因此本题的正确答案为A。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/YcHO777K
0
在职攻硕英语联考
相关试题推荐
(中国矿业大学2014年试题)Aperson’shomeisasmuchareflectionofhispersonalityastheclotheshewears,thefoodheeatsandthe
(浙江大学2009年试题)Teachersneedtobeawareoftheemotional,intellectual,andphysicalchangesthatyoungadultsexperience,a
(北京航空航天大学2013年试题)Mostworthwhilecareersrequiresomekindofspecializedtraining.Ideally,therefore,thechoiceofan【C1】
Therearethreeseparatesourcesofhazard【C1】______totheuseofnuclearreactiontosupplyuswithenergy.Firstly,theradioa
Ingeneral,theamountthatastudentspendsforhousingshouldbeheldtoone-fifthofthe______totalforlivingexpenses.
Withthepossibleexceptionofequalrights,perhapsthemost【C1】______issueacrosstheUnitedStatestodayisthedeathpenalty
Themostexcitingkindofeducationisalsothemostpersonal.Nothingcan【C1】______thejoyofdiscoveringforyourselfsomethin
Ifgenderconflictscontinueattheircurrentrate,mypartnergloomilyobserved,menmayfadeintoextinctionandwomenwillma
Afour-yearcollegedegree,seenforgenerationsasatickettoabetterlife,is【C1】______enoughtoguaranteeasteadilyrising
Hedidnotrelishappealingamongsthisfriendsand______oftheircriticismorcensure.
随机试题
我国第一部由私人撰写的编年体史书是____________。
下列属于胆碱能纤维的描述,哪项不确切?
作用最持久的静脉全麻药是
根据化学结构分类,法莫替丁属于
一般来讲,随着家庭人口规模小型化,住宅价格总的趋势是()。[2008年考题]
利用事物发展的延续性进行预测的前提是系统的( )。
当价格总水平上涨幅度高于财政收入增长幅度时,表明财政收入的增长状况是()。
甲公司是一家专业生产婴幼儿用品的企业,注意到随着入口出生率的不断下降,婴幼儿市场从长期来看是一个萎缩的市场。随即决定将其婴幼儿产品扩展到成人市场,通过必要的营销措施刺激成人消费者购买。根据以上信息可以判断,该公司对环境进行的分析属于()。
A.againB.absolutelyC.successfulA.youarenot【T1】_______safeB.youcantakequickand【T2】_______actiontoavoidthedang
“二战”后,日本确定在全国实施义务教育的法案是()
最新回复
(
0
)