首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
考研
Florence Nightingale is most remembered as a pioneer of nursing and a reformer of hospital sanitation methods. For most of her n
Florence Nightingale is most remembered as a pioneer of nursing and a reformer of hospital sanitation methods. For most of her n
admin
2011-10-20
69
问题
Florence Nightingale is most remembered as a pioneer of nursing and a reformer of hospital sanitation methods. For most of her ninety years, Nightingale pushed for reform of the British military health-care system and with that the profession of nursing started to gain the respect it deserved. Unknown to many, however, was her use of new techniques, of statistical analysis, such as during the Crimean War when she plotted the incidence of preventable deaths in the military. She developed a method to prevent the needless deaths caused by unsanitary conditions and the need for reform. With her analysis, Florence Nightingale revolutionized the idea that social phenomena could be objectively measured and subjected to mathematical analysis. She was an innovator in the collection, interpretation, and display of statistics.
Florence Nightingale’s two greatest life achievements-pioneering of nursing and the reform of hospitals-were amazing considering that most Victorian women of her age group did not attend universities or pursue professional careers. It was her father, William Nightingale, who believed women, especially his children, should get an education. So Nightingale and her sister learned Italian, Latin, Greek, history, and mathematics. She in particular received excellent early preparation in mathematics.
During Nightingale’s time at Scutari, she collected data and systematized record-keeping practices. Nightingale was able to use the data as a tool for improving city and military hospitals. Nightingale’s calculations of the death rate showed that with an improvement of sanitary methods, deaths would decrease. In February, 1855, the death rate at the hospital was 42.7 percent of the cases treated. When Nightingale’s sanitary reform was implemented, the death rate declined. Nightingale took her statistical data and represented them graphically.
As Nightingale demonstrated, statistics provided an organized way of learning and lead to improvements in medical and surgical practices. She also developed a Model Hospital Statistical Form for hospitals to collect and generate consistent data and statistics. She became a Fellow of the Royal Statistical Society in 1858 and an honorary member of the American Statistical Association in 1874. Karl Pearson acknowledged Nightingale as a "prophetess" in the development of applied statistics.
What does the word "sanitation" mean in the passage?
选项
A、Medication.
B、Cleanness.
C、Nursing.
D、Reforms
答案
B
解析
词义题;这个词在全文中多次出现,因为是主人公Nightingale的主要贡献的一个方面,虽然大部分考生在考前可能不认识这个单词,但阅读中考查我们的是通过上下文的关系来推测词汇含义的能力。通过文章中的分析,我们可以知道,这个词指的是和卫生条件有关的含义,也就是医院等从事医疗服务的机构,它的环境是否足够清洁,符合这个意思的是B选项。其他选项分别表示A医疗,C护理,D改革;将这些意思带回原文,在上下文中都是不通顺的。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/Yjp4777K
0
考研英语一
相关试题推荐
Theauthoritiesdenied______aplottoassassinatethepresidentlastFriday.
Churchesarenotallowedto______theirbeliefsonpeople,buttheyareallowedtopracticetheirfaithfreely.
WecanlearnfromthefirstparagraphthatintheworldtheschemeoftollingsystemsisTheimplementationofroadpricingin
ThefirstsentenceinParagraph1isusedbyAmericanschoolchildrenbecauseWecanlearnfromthepassagethatthenameofth
Onedayyoudinedatyourlocalrestaurant.Youarenothappywiththefoodaswellastheservice.Writealettertotherestau
Eachscientificspecialtyhasitsownsetofjournals.PhysicistshavePhysicalReviewLetters,cellbiologistshaveCell,neuro
Eachscientificspecialtyhasitsownsetofjournals.PhysicistshavePhysicalReviewLetters,cellbiologistshaveCell,neuro
Inthetwodecadesbetween1929and1949,sculptureintheUnitedStatessustainedwhatwasprobablythegreatestexpansionins
GregFocker,playedbyBenStiller,representsagenerationofAmericankids(1)_____inthe1980sonthephilosophythatanyac
Imaginethatyouareinhospital,waitingtohaveanoperation.Itistimetogotothetheatre;theanesthetistapproachesyou
随机试题
使用格拉布斯准则检验以下一组(n=6)重复观测值中是否存在异常值:2.67,2.78,2.83,2.95,2.79,2.82;计算重复性并解释重复性测量条件,以及评定扩展不确定度。已知G(0.05,6)=1.822。
“脚著谢公屐,身登青云梯。半壁见海日,空中闻天鸡。”出自李白著名诗篇《梦游天姥吟留别》。这里“谢公”指的是()。
A、氯磺丙脲B、丙硫氧嘧啶C、苯乙双胍D、胰岛素E、阿卡波糖属于α-葡糖苷酶抑制剂的是
6,25,64,(),32,1
选择性接触是指受众在接触大众传播活动之际,并不是不加区别地对待任何媒介和内容,而是更倾向于接触与自己的既有立场、观点、态度一致或接近的加以接触,或有意无意地回避与自己既有倾向相左的媒介或内容。根据以上定义,下列属于“选择性接触”的是()。
Televisionsenableustoseethingshappenalmostattheexactmoment________.
平面曲线L:绕x轴旋转所得曲面为s,求曲面D的内接长方体的最大体积.
SQL语言中的“视图(View)”对应于数据库三级模式结构中的
Whatwillprobablyhappennext?
TheauthortellsthestoryofNormanPaintingtoillustrate______.WhathashappenedtotheBBCwiththechangesintechnolog
最新回复
(
0
)