首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
If someone accidentally steps on your toe, it hurts. But does it hurt more if you think he did it deliberately? That, in essence
If someone accidentally steps on your toe, it hurts. But does it hurt more if you think he did it deliberately? That, in essence
admin
2010-11-02
71
问题
If someone accidentally steps on your toe, it hurts. But does it hurt more if you think he did it deliberately? That, in essence, is the question Kurt Gray and Daniel Wegner of Harvard University asked in a study they have just published in Psychological Science. And their answer is that it probably does.
Dr. Gray and Dr. Wegner did not actually step on people’s toes as part of their experiments. But they did arrange for them to receive electric shocks. Altogether, they induced a group of 43 students to participate with offers of academic credits or, failing that, cold cash.
On the day of the experiment, each participant was introduced to a study partner, whom he was told was another student participant but who was in fact an assistant of the two researchers. The students were then told about a number of tasks, which included matching colors, estimating numbers, judging musical pitches (音调) and assessing levels of discomfort. They were later asked to perform each of these tasks during a series of trials.
In truth, Dr. Gray and Dr. Wegner were interested only in the assessments of discomfort; the rest were mere blinds. In this task, a participant received an electric shock and was asked to evaluate the experience on a scale ranging from one (not at all uncomfortable) to seven (extremely uncomfortable).
During each trial, the participant saw a computer screen which displayed two potential tasks for that session. When assessing discomfort was one of these, the other was always evaluating the relative pitches of two tones. In this, as in the other trials, the participant was told that his partner in the next room would select which task he had to complete.
In fact, participants received an electric shock whenever assessment discomfort was one of the options displayed. But how they thought it had been administered had a crucial effect on their sense of pain. Half the time, the participants were told that their partner had chosen to shock them. The other half they were told that their partner had chosen not to shock them, but that the experimental plan meant this decision had been reversed.
On the one-to-seven scale that Dr. Gray and Dr. Wagner asked the participants to use to assess their pain, the students rated the strength of shocks they thought had been intentionally administered at 3.62, on average; those they thought unintentional averaged 3.00. The researchers also found the apparently unintentional shocks hurt progressively less as the experiment went on, whereas those perceived as deliberate continued to hurt as much.
It would seem, therefore, that malice not only carries a sting of its own. Compared with accidental pain, the sting also lasts longer.
What does the author tell us about the experiment by Dr. Gray and Dr. Wagner?
选项
A、Participants are arranged to step on each other’s toe.
B、The study partner is actually the assistant for the researchers.
C、The participants know beforehand researchers’ intention.
D、Participants have to complete exactly the same task Simultaneously.
答案
B
解析
细节题。第三段第一句提到...another student participant but who was in fact an assistant of the two researchers.,可见参与者的搭档其实是研究员的助手,B符合题意。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/Yms7777K
0
大学英语六级
相关试题推荐
HowtoFindTimetoReadDoyouwanttoknowhowtoimproveyourselfallthetimewithouthavingtospendmoretimereading
A、Heisapoliceman.B、Heisaschoolrunner.C、Heisalibrarian.D、Heisateacher.D
Didyouknowthatallhumanbeingshavea"comfortzone"regulatingthedistancestheystandfromsomeonewhentheytalk?Thisd
A、Itindicatesthatlatecomersdon’tcareaboutothers’time.B、Itindicatesthatlatecomersalwaysignoreotherpeople’sfeelin
A、Englishhusbandsusuallydoalotofhousework.B、Englishhusbandsusuallydolittlehousework.C、Englishhusbandsaregoodat
______(那位从海外归来的求职者比别人更占优势就在于)hehadtheexperienceofworkingabroad.
A、Takingpicturesunderwater.B、Connectingpipelines.C、Plantingseaweeds.D、Placingexplosivesunderthewater.C
ThegeneticcharacteristicsofalllifeformsonearthareembodiedinthechemicalstructureofDNAmolecules.Anorganism’sDN
A、Theman.B、Thewoman.C、Theypayfortheirowndinnerrespectively.D、Someoneelse.A选项和人物有关,提问可能是针对who的。从男士的话Nexttime.Thist
Roadcourtesyisnotonlygoodmanners,butgoodsense,too.Ittakesthemostlevel-headedandgood-temperedofdriverstoresi
随机试题
一般消费品的国际分销渠道模式为()
A.细胞因子诱导产物测定法B.酶联免疫吸附试验C.细胞毒活性测定法D.流式细胞分析法E.抗病毒活性测定法常用于IFN测定的方法是
吸入麻醉与静脉麻醉相比,其优点有
A.饮食摄入的胆固醇和甘油三酯在小肠中合成CM及其代谢过程B.肝脏合成VLDL,VLDL转变为IDL和LDL,LDL被肝脏或其他器官代谢的过程C.在无氧条件下,葡萄糖分解生成乳酸的过程D.葡萄糖在有氧条件下彻底氧化成水和二氧化碳的过程E.H
下列叙述正确的是()。
关于基坑(槽)轻型井点降水说法,正确的有()。
企业交纳的下列税金中,应通过“应交税费”科目核算的有()。
某公司在招聘测试中,将14名候选人随意划分为三个小组,每组4~5人不等,要求他们就本公司高级管理人员的内部提拔晋升问题进行讨论,最后要求形成一致性意见。每隔10分钟,公司招聘人给小组发布一些有关讨论话题的新的变化信息,迫使小组成员不断地改变方案,引发新的小
()是教师和学生相互交谈,以引导学生根据已有的知识和经验,通过独立思考去获得新知识的教学方法。
关于化石燃料,下列说法不正确的是()。
最新回复
(
0
)