A、Dr. Cook’s expedition. B、The conclusions of the Navigation Foundation. C、Exploration of the Equator. D、Exploration of the Sout

Good morning, class. Before we begin today, I would like to address an issue that one of you reminded me of after the last lecture. As you may recall, last time I mentioned that Robert E. Pierre was the first person to reach me North Pole. What I neglected to mention was me controversy around Pierre’s pioneering accomplishment. In 1910, a committee of me national geographical society examined Commodore Pierre’s claim to have reached the North Pole on April 6th 1909 and found no reason to doubt him. This judgment was actually confirmed by a committee of the US congress in 1991. Nevertheless, Pierre’s claim was surrounded by controversy. This was largely due to the competing claim of Dr. Frederic Cook who told the world he had reached the Pole a four-year earlier. Over the decades Pierre was given the benefit of the doubt, but critics persisted in raising questions about his navigation and the distances he claimed to have covered. So the Navigation Foundation spent an additional 12 months of exhaustive examination of documents relating to Pierre’ s polar expedition. The documents supported Pierre’ s claims about the distances he covered. After also conducting an extensive computer analysis of photos taken by Pierre at the pole, they concluded that Pierre and his companions did in fact reach the near vicinity of the North Pole on April 6th, 1909. OK, today we’re going to talk about exploration of the opposite end of the world. I assume you all read chapter 3 in our text and are now familiar with the names: Emerson and Scott. Now listen to the following recording and answer questions 22 to 25.
22. Why did the professor mention the controversy surrounding Pierre?
23. What did Dr. Cook maintain?
24. How did the experts determine the Pierre reached the North Pole?
25. Which topic will most probably be included in the continuation of today’ s lecture?