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  3. Suppose we built a robot(机器人)to explore the planet Mars. We provide the robot with seeing detectors to keep it away from danger.

Suppose we built a robot(机器人)to explore the planet Mars. We provide the robot with seeing detectors to keep it away from danger.

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问题     Suppose we built a robot(机器人)to explore the planet Mars. We provide the robot with seeing detectors to keep it away from danger. It is powered entirely by the sun. Should we program the robot to be equally active at all times? No. The robot would be using up energy at a time when it was not receiving any. So we would probably program it to cease its activity at night and to wake up at dawn the next morning.
    According to the evolutionary theory of sleep, evolution equipped us with a regular pattern of sleeping and waking for the same reason. The theory does not deny that sleep provides some important restorative functions. It merely says that evolution has programmed us to perform those functions at a time when activity would be inefficient and possibly dangerous. However, sleep protects us only from the sort of trouble we might walk into; it does not protect us from trouble that comes looking for us. So we sleep well when we are in a familiar, safe place, but we sleep lightly, if at all, when we fear that bears will nose into the tent.
    The evolutionary theory accounts well for differences in sleep among creatures. Why do cats, for instance, sleep so much, while horses sleep so little? Surely cats do not need five times as much repair and restoration as horses do. But cats can afford to have long periods of inactivity because they spend little time eating and are unlikely to be attacked while they sleep. Horses must spend almost all their waking hours eating, because what they eat is very low in energy value. Moreover, they cannot afford to sleep too long or too deeply, because their survival depends on their ability to run away from attackers.
Evolution has programmed man to sleep at night chiefly to help him ______.
选项 A、maintain a regular pattern of life
B、prevent trouble that comes looking for him
C、avoid danger and inefficient labor -
D、restore his bodily functions
答案C
解析 根据文章第二段中：The theory does notdeny that sleep provides some important restorativefunctions． It merely says that evolution hasprogrammed us to perform those functions at a timewhen activity would be inefficient and possiblydangerous，可知人们在夜间休息主要是因为晚间活动效率低下，而且可能很危险。故C正确。
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