A、Photos are memorable to the old. B、Exercise improves memory and focus. C、Elderly people need more proteins. D、Good memories ar

All parts of our body age. And our brain does too. Now, however, neuroscience tells us that we can delay this process. (23) In some instances, we can reverse brain deterioration by engaging in some pretty specific activities, most of which we would consider hobbies. Here are some of them.
    Whether you love old classic comic books or the New York Times, brain researchers tell us that reading actually increases brain function in several areas. It stimulates the growth of new neural pathways as we absorb new information. Reading flexes those parts of the brain that deal with problem-solving, seeing patterns, and interpreting what others are saying to us about their feelings. (24) It also improves memory, builds on prior learning and exercises parts of the brain that allow imagination. Some research also points to speed-reading as a method to increase synapses, since the brains must process sensory information quickly. Indeed, for many students, speed-reading is a valuable skill.
    For years, neuro-scientists have conducted research on the benefits of music instruction for children relative to improved cognitive functions—memory, problem-solving, sequential processing, and pattern recognition. Playing an instrument, increases gray matter volume and makes neural connections between the two hemispheres of the brain. For this reason, scientists believe that early musical training allows students to be better at both linear math work and mathematical problem-solving. Playing an instrument ensures both sides of the brain work together much better.
    Now, researchers tell us that taking up a musical instrument as an adult—young, middle-aged, or older—can produce the same neurological effects as it does in children.
    Here’s what the science tells us. Exercise produces a protein (BDNF) in the blood stream. As blood travels through the brain, cells absorb this protein, which is responsible for both increased memory and focus. (25) One of the most notable experiments was a photo memory test given to experimental and control groups. The experimental group exercised before the test, while the control group did not. The experimental group’s test results were overwhelmingly better. Members were able to focus on the photos and then recall them after a period of waiting.
    Questions 23 to 25 are based on the recording you have just heard.
    23. How can we reverse brain deterioration?
    24. Which is one of the advantages of reading mentioned by the speaker?
    25. What can be concluded from the photo memory test?