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  3. New Book of Economics —Animal Spirits No two economic crises are identical. But the same questio

New Book of Economics —Animal Spirits No two economic crises are identical. But the same questio

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问题                         New Book of Economics
                            —Animal Spirits
    No two economic crises are identical. But the same questions recur. How did we get into mess? How can we get out of it? How do we avoid another? Some answers repeat themselves too. You can be pretty sure that sooner or later someone, quite possibly an anguished economist, will declare that economics itself has gone astray. The wisdom of some past master, whether celebrated or neglected, has been forgotten, and the economy is paying the price.
    A new book, "Animal Spirits" follows this rule to the letter. The authors seek to answer the first of those three old questions and thus to provide some pointers about the other two. They do indeed believe that economics has lost its way. And their chosen economist is Keynes.
    So far, so familiar. But this book is rather more than the usual lament about the failings of economics. Its authors are two of the discipline’s leading lights. Mr. Akerlof won a Nobel prize in 2001, in part for a classic paper explaining how markets may fail. Mr. Shiller sounded a warning about the " Irrational Exuberance" of the tech-boom stockmarket in a book of that name—and did the same for the housing market in a second edition.
    The lesson that Messrs Akerlof and Shiller draw from Keynes is not just the standard one, of the usefulness of deficit finance in recessions. They borrow their title from "The General Theory of Employment, Interest and Money".
    Most, probably, of our decisions to do something positive, the full consequences of which will be drawn out over many days to come, can only be taken as a result of animal spirits—of a spontaneous urge to action rather than inaction, and not as the outcome of the weighted average of quantitative benefits multiplied by quantitative probabilities.
    Too much economics, say Mr. Akerlof and Mr. Shiller, has been built on the premise that humans are rational calculators. That is not a new criticism, even from economists. Over the past couple of decades Homo economicus has evolved into a being more like H. sapiens, as economics has drawn on psychology, biology and even neuroscience. "Behavioural" economics has shaped public policy—for instance, in encouraging people to save or in shaping the choice of investments in their pension pots. Behavioural economists have earned Nobel prizes. Mr. Akerlof and Mr. Shiller, however, complain that this evolution has been confined mainly to microeconomics. It is time for macroeconomics to catch up.
Mr. Shiller has done all the following EXCEPT______.
选项 A、arranging a research about the irrational exuberance
B、writing a book entitled "Irrational Exuberance"
C、writing a book concerning tech-boom housing market
D、writing a book "Animal Spirits" independently
答案D
解析 细节事实题。根据题干关键词Mr．Shiller和题文同序的出题原则定位至第三段。本题的解题关键是对该段末句的理解：Shiller先生在《非理智的繁荣》一书中进行关于由技术刺激而在股票市场出现的“非理智的繁荣”的警告的研究，而且在他的有关房地产市场的第二版的著述中也有相同的调查。由此可见[A]、[B]、[C]都属Shiller先生所为。[D]“Shiller先生独立创作了《动物的精神》一书”错误，因为Shiller先生和Akerlo合作创作了此书。所以，本题的答案应该是[D]。
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