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  3. The United States court system, as part of the federal system of government, is characterized by dual hierarchies: there are bot

The United States court system, as part of the federal system of government, is characterized by dual hierarchies: there are bot

admin2014-03-21  69
问题     The United States court system, as part of the federal system of government, is characterized by dual hierarchies: there are both state and federal courts. Each state has its own system of courts, composed of civil and criminal trial courts, sometimes intermediate courts of appeal, and a state supreme court. The federal court system consists of a series of trial courts (called district courts) serving relatively small geographic regions (there is at least one for every state), a tier of circuit courts of appeal that hear appeals from many district courts in a particular geographic region, and the Supreme Court of the United States. The two court systems are to some extent overlapping, in that certain kinds of disputes (such as a claim that a state law is in violation of the Constitution) may be initiated in either system. They are also to some extent hierarchical, for the federal system stands above the state system in that litigants (persons engaged in lawsuits) who lose their cases in the state supreme court may appeal their cases to the Supreme Court of the United States.
    Thus, the typical court case begins in a trial court? a court of general jurisdiction? in the state or federal system. Most cases go no further than the state or federal system. Most cases go no further than the trial court: for example, the criminal defendant is convicted (by a trial or a guilty plea) and sentenced by the court and the case ends; the personal injury suit results in a judgement by a trial court (or an out-of-court settlement by the parties while the court suit is pending) and the parties leave the court system. But sometimes the losing party at the trial court cares enough about the cause that the matter does not end there. In these cases, the "loser" at the trial court may appeal to the next higher court.
The passage indicates that litigants who lose their cases in the state trial court may take them to a
选项 A、different trial court in the same state
B、court in a different geographic region
C、federal trial court
D、state supreme court
答案D
解析 细节理解推理题。第一段第二句说明州法庭有两级或三级，第二段最后一句说明可以向上一级法院上诉。因为选择题中并无中级法院，所以应到州高级法庭，因此可以推知D。
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