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  3. Evidence of the benefits that volunteering can bring older people continues to roll in. "Volunteers have improved physical and s

Evidence of the benefits that volunteering can bring older people continues to roll in. "Volunteers have improved physical and s

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问题     Evidence of the benefits that volunteering can bring older people continues to roll in. "Volunteers have improved physical and social functioning," said Fengyan Tang, an assistant professor at the University of Pittsburgh School of Social Work, who has【C1】______older volunteers. "They report better well-being and greater life【C2】______. There’s a reduced risk of death compared to non-volunteers."
    I reported a few weeks back on a public school program 【C3】______volunteers, in a small-scale initial study, appeared to【C4】______their risk of cognitive decline.
    【C5】______ we’re also learning that not all volunteering is created equal. In Dr. Tang’s most recent study, 【C6】______in The Gerontologist, she【C7】______ 207 volunteers (average age: 72) who spent【C8】______six hours a week on programs providing 【C9】______services as preparing meals or teaching computer skills.
    The results【C10】______how important the programs’ organization and administration can be. Volunteers reported greater "socioemotional benefits"—a sense of having made important【C11】______, feelings of enhanced well-being—when the programs 【C12】______greater "organizational support."
    What’s organizational support? Thoughtfully【C13】______volunteers with jobs that interest them. Offering training so that volunteers feel 【C14】______with the work environment, the【C15】______ , the task, the possible challenges【C16】______Making volunteering more convenient for older people by providing parking or transportation, 【C17】______small salaries.
    【C18】______their efforts with events or awards. "Organizational support is more important than the individual characteristics of the volunteer,
    【C19】______longer participation and greater benefit," Dr. Tang said. Seniors and families looking for engaging volunteer opportunities, and programs hoping to【C20】______and retain older volunteers, take note.
【C4】
选项 A、increase
B、cut off
C、raise
D、reduce
答案D
解析 上文提到“志愿服务活动有益于老年人的健康”，结合空格后宾语risk(风险)，推断空格处填入“降低”含义的词，故选D项reduce“降低”。
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