首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
A couple of years ago a group of management scholars from Yale and the University of Pittsburgh tried to discover if there was a
A couple of years ago a group of management scholars from Yale and the University of Pittsburgh tried to discover if there was a
admin
2012-04-23
40
问题
A couple of years ago a group of management scholars from Yale and the University of Pittsburgh tried to discover if there was a link between a company’s success and the personality of its boss. To work out what that personality was, they asked senior managers to score their bosses for such traits as an ability to communicate an exciting vision of the future or to stand as a good model for others to follow. When the data were analyzed, the researchers found no evidence of a connection between how well a firm was doing and what its boss was like. As far as they could tell, a company could not be judged by its chief executive any better than a book could be judged by its cover.
A few years before this, however, a team of psychologists from Tufts University, led by Nalini Ambady, discovered that when people watched two-second-long film-clips of professors lecturing, they were pretty good at determining how able a teacher each professor actually was. At the end of the study, the perceptions generated by those who had watched only the clips were found to match those of students taught by those self-same professors for a hill semester.
Now, Dr Ambady and her colleague, Nicholas Rule, have taken things a step further. They have shown that even a still photograph can convey a lot of information about competence— and that it can do so in a way which suggests the assessments of all those senior managers were poppycock.
Dr Ambady and Mr. Rule showed 100 undergraduates the faces of the chief executives of the top 25 and the bottom 25 companies in the Fortune 1,000 list. Half the students were asked how good they thought the person they were looking at would be at leading a company and half were asked to rate five personality traits on the basis of the photograph. These traits were competence, dominance, likeability, facial maturity (in other words, did the individual have an adult-looking face or a baby-face) and trustworthiness.
By a useful (though hardly unexpected) coincidence, all the businessmen were male and all were white, so there were no confounding variables of race or sex. The study even controlled for age, the emotional expression in the photos and the physical attractiveness of the individuals by obtaining separate ratings of these from other students and using statistical techniques to remove their effects.
This may sound like voodoo. Psychologists spent much of the 20th century denigrating the work of 19th-century physiognomists and phrenologists who thought the shapes of faces and skulls carry information about personality. However, recent work has shown that such traits can, indeed, be assessed from photographs of faces with a reasonable accuracy.
And Dr Ambady and Mr. Rule were surprised by just how accurate the students’ observations were. The results of their study, which are about to be published in Psychological Science, show that both the students’ assessments of the leadership potential of the bosses and their ratings for the traits of competence, dominance and facial maturity were significantly related to a company’s profits. Moreover, the researchers discovered that these two connections were independent of each other. When they controlled for the "power" traits, they still found the link between perceived leadership and profit, and when they controlled for leadership they still found the link between profit and power.
These findings suggest that instant judgments by the ignorant (nobody even recognized Warren Buffett) are more accurate than assessments made by well-informed professionals. It looks as if knowing a chief executive disrupts the ability to judge his performance.
Sadly, the characteristics of likeability and trustworthiness appear to have no link to company profits, suggesting that when it comes to business success, being warm and fuzzy does not matter much (though these traits are not harmful). But this result also suggests yet another thing that stock market analysts might care to take into account when preparing their reports the physiognomy of the chief executive.
The author will most probably agree on the idea that
选项
A、there is no connection between physiognomy and personality.
B、people can assess the personality traits on the basis of photograph.
C、workers’ personality traits are related to the company’s profit.
D、a baby-face looking is good to the company’s success.
答案
B
解析
第6段最后一句提到,最近的研究表明such traits可以相当准确地从面部照片估计。而such traits指 的是前一句中提到的personality,因此B项符合原文,也就是作者最可能认同的。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/ZPiO777K
0
专业英语八级
相关试题推荐
A、HeisamemberoftheCongressParty.B、Hewasborninaforeigncountry.C、HeisknownasthearchitectofIndia’seconomicr
GroupSpecifically,"group"isacollectionofpeoplewhointeractwitheachotherovertimetoaccomplishacommongoal.The
Normallyastudentmustattendacertainnumberofcoursesinordertograduate,andeachcoursewhichheattendsandgiveshim
Becausemarketsareoftenunpredictable,successfulmarketingisratherlikehittingamovingtarget.Consumertastesvarydepen
Whichofthefollowingwordsisformedthroughderivation?
Afullmoonwasshiningdownonthejungle.AccompaniedonlybyanIndianguide,theAmericanexplorerandarchaeologistEdward
Thedigitalagemayonlyjusthavedawned,butlastnightagroupofeminentinstitutionsissuedawarningthatlargeswathsof
Infantsusealltheirsensestolearntheworld.They"talk"with【M1】______othersthroughactionsandsounds,experimentwi
TennisDuringthefirst50yearsofitshistory,tenniswaslargelyapastimeof【1】______【1】______people.Itsw
Traditionally,thestudyofhistoryhashadfixedboundariesandfocalpoints—periods,countries,dramaticevents,andgreatlea
随机试题
需求理论认为商品的需求数量由许多因素共同决定,下列说法中正确的有()。
有关大脑皮质的中央前回的描述,正确的是()
下列评价心功能的指标中,可在不同个体间进行比较的是
下列镇痛药不属于麻醉药品管理范围的是
软土地基上的车间,霹天跨的地坪上有大面积堆载,排架的柱基础采用天然地基,下列事故现象的描述中,()不是由大面积堆载引起的。
根据燃烧的特点,燃烧现象可分为________、_________、自燃三类。()
2012年12月,银监会发布了《关于实施(商业银行资本管理办法(试行))过渡期安排相关事项的通知》,下列关于该通知中“到2013年末的要求”的说法有误的是()。
联合国大会通过的保障儿童权利的国际性法律文书是()
在我国,法律监督的主体是国家机关。()
下列关于BGP协议的描述中,错误的是()。
最新回复
(
0
)