首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
The Impact of Wilderness Tourism A)The market for tourism in remote areas is booming as never before. Countries all across the w
The Impact of Wilderness Tourism A)The market for tourism in remote areas is booming as never before. Countries all across the w
admin
2014-11-27
24
问题
The Impact of Wilderness Tourism
A)The market for tourism in remote areas is booming as never before. Countries all across the world are actively promoting their "wilderness" regions—such as mountains, Arctic lands, deserts, small islands and wetlands—to high-spending tourists. The attraction of these areas is obvious: by definition, wilderness tourism requires little or no initial investment.
B)But that does not mean that there is no cost. As the 1992 United Nations Conference on Environment and Development recognized, these regions are fragile(i.e. highly vulnerable to abnormal pressures)not just in terms of their ecology, but also in terms of the culture of their inhabitants. The three most significant types of fragile environment in these respects, and also in terms of the proportion of the Earth’ s surface they cover, are deserts, mountains and Arctic areas. An important characteristic is their marked seasonality, with harsh conditions prevailing for many months each year. Consequently, most human activities, including tourism, are limited to quite clearly defined parts of the year.
C)Tourists are drawn to these regions by their natural landscape beauty and the unique cultures of their indigenous people. And poor governments in these isolated areas have welcomed the new breed of "adventure tourist", grateful for the hard currency they bring. For several years now, tourism has been the prime source of foreign exchange in Nepal and Bhutan. Tourism is also a key element in the economies of Arctic zones such as Lapland and Alaska and in desert areas such as Ayers Rock in Australia and Arizona’ s Monument Valley.
D)Once a location is established as a main tourist destination, the effects on the local community are profound. When hill-farmers, for example, can make more money in a few weeks working as porters for foreign trekkers than they can in a year working in their fields, it is not surprising that many of them give up their farm-work, which is thus left to other members of the family. In some hill-regions, this has led to a serious decline in farm output and a change in the local diet, because there is insufficient labour to maintain terraces and irrigation systems and tend to crops. The result has been that many people in these regions have turned to outside supplies of rice and other foods.
E)In Arctic and desert societies, year-round survival has traditionally depended on hunting animals and fish and collecting fruit over a relatively short season. However, as some inhabitants become involved in tourism, they no longer have time to collect wild food; this has led to increasing dependence on bought food and stores. Tourism is not always the culprit behind such changes. All kinds of wage labour, or government handouts, tend to undermine traditional survival systems. Whatever the cause, the dilemma is always the same: what happens if these new, external sources of income dry up?
F)The physical impact of visitors is another serious problem associated with the growth in adventure tourism. Much attention has focused on erosion along major trails, but perhaps more important are the deforestation and impacts on water supplies arising from the need to provide tourists with cooked food and hot showers. In both mountains and deserts, slow-growing trees are often the main sources of fuel and water supplies may be limited or vulnerable to degradation through heavy use.
G)Stories about the problems of tourism have become legion in the last few years. Yet it does not have to be a problem. Although tourism inevitably affects the region in which it takes place, the costs to these fragile environments and their local cultures can be minimized.
H)Indeed, it can even be a vehicle for reinvigorating local cultures, as has happened with the Sher-pas of Nepal’ s Khumbu Valley and in some Alpine villages. And a growing number of adventure tourism operators are trying to ensure that their activities benefit the local population and environment over the long term.
I)In the Swiss Alps, communities have decided that their future depends on integrating tourism more effectively with the local economy. Local concern about the rising number of second home developments in the Swiss Pays d’Enhaut resulted in limits being imposed on their growth. There has also been a renaissance in communal cheese production in the area, providing the locals with a reliable source of income that does not depend on outside visitors.
J)Many of the Arctic tourist destinations have been exploited by outside companies, who employ transient workers and repatriate most of the profits to their home base. But some Arctic communities are now operating tour businesses themselves, thereby ensuring that the benefits accrue locally. For instance, a native corporation in Alaska, employing local people, is running an air tour from Anchorage to Kotzebue, where tourists eat Arctic food, walk on the tundra and watch local musicians and dancers.
K)Native people in the desert regions of the American Southwest have followed similar strategies, encouraging tourists to visit their pueblos and reservations to purchase high-quality handicrafts and artwork. The Acoma and San Ildefonso pueblos have established highly profitable pottery businesses, while the Navajo and Hopi groups have been similarly successful with jewellery.
L)Too many people living in fragile environments have lost control over their economies, their culture and their environment when tourism has penetrated their homelands. Merely restricting tourism cannot be the solution to the imbalance, because people’ s desire to see new places will not just disappear. Instead, communities in fragile environments must achieve greater control over tourism ventures in their regions; in order to balance their needs and aspirations with the demands of tourism. A growing number of communities are demonstrating that, with firm communal decision-making, this is possible. The critical question now is whether this can become the norm, rather than the exception
For instance, if working as porters for travellers can bring them more money, farmers will undoubtedly deliver farm work to their family members.
选项
答案
D
解析
此句意为“例如,如果为游客搬运行李能赚更多的钱,农民毋庸置疑地会将农活分配给家人”,与D段第二句意思相近。for instance对应for example,travelers对应foreign trekkers,undoubtedly对应it is not surprising。因此.正确答案是D。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/Zjm7777K
0
大学英语六级
相关试题推荐
Anysecondaryschoolpupilsnotplanningtogotouniversitywouldbegivenaclearer"routeintowork"underLabourpartyplans
"Nothingmattersmoretoachild’seducationthangoodteachers."Anyonewho’severhadaMs.GreenoraMr.Millerwhomtheyr
A、Moreandmorekidsbecomeoverweightinthenation.B、Theparentsoftenplaytoystogetherwiththekids.C、Morecaloriescan
A、Byship.B、Bybus.C、Byair.D、Bytrain.C推理判断题。对话中女士问男士是怎么赶到英格兰的,因为她听说铁路被凶猛的洪水毁坏了;男士回答说,他也不是乘船去的,但是他3小时之内就赶到了。根据男士的回答.他不是乘船而且
A、Negative.B、Positive.C、Neutral.D、Indifferent.B观点态度题。短文最后提到,教育董事会的主席说,他们正在就这一问题进行密切观察,如果有需要改正的地方会立刻进行整改。
A、SheleftherworkearlytogetsomebargainslastSaturday.B、Sheattendedthesupermarket’sgrandopeningceremony.C、Shedro
A、Goodinterpersonalrelationships.B、Richworkingexperience.C、Sophisticatedequipment.D、Highmotivation.A细节推断题。短文最后提到,即便是对于
四合院(Siheyuan)是中国传统民居中最重要的形式。它数量多、分布广,并且在汉族、满族、白族以及其他少数民族中十分流行。大多数房屋采用木质框架。主屋建在南北走向的轴线上,两个厢房则位于四合院的两侧。家庭中的长者住在主屋中,而两翼则是年轻一代的卧室。妇女
A、Bydoingtutorjobs.B、Byborrowingmoneyfromhisclassmates.C、Byhavingascholarship.D、Byworkinginapubliclibrary.C细
随机试题
下列属于台湾的名点小吃有()。
TheaverageBritishpeoplegetsix-and-a-halfhours’sleepanight,accordingtotheSleepCouncil.Ithasbeenknownforsomet
A、补中益气汤B、固阴煎C、固经汤D、举元煎E、保阴煎治疗月经先期肾气虚证,应首选
不属于风力发电机组装置的是()。
下列关于借贷记账法的说法中,错误的是()。
甲向乙借款6万元作为出资与其他3人共同设立了一普通合伙企业。合伙企业经营期间,乙欠合伙企业货款6万元,乙可以将其对甲的债权抵销其对合伙企业的债务。( )
16O和18O是氧元素的两种核素,NA表示阿伏加德罗常数,下列说法正确的是()。
给定资料1.马克思主义认为,人类社会是一个由各种相互联系、相互制约、相互转化的因素和领域构成的“有机体”,“这里表现出这一切因素间的交互作用,而在这种交互作用中归根到底是经济运动作为必然的东西通过无穷元尽的偶然事件……向前发展”,“这样就有无数互相交错的
印象派
OnNovember19,1863,AbrahamLincolnwenttoGettysburginPennsylvaniatospeakattheNationalSoldiersCemetery.TheCivilWa
最新回复
(
0
)