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  3. It is really a surprise that after hundreds of years, educationists have still failed to design anything more efficient and reli

It is really a surprise that after hundreds of years, educationists have still failed to design anything more efficient and reli

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问题     It is really a surprise that after hundreds of years, educationists have still failed to design anything more efficient and reliable than examinations. It is claimed that examinations test what you know, but it is common knowledge that they more often do the exact opposite. They may be a good means of testing memory, or the skills of working rapidly under extreme pressure, but they can tell you nothing about a person’s true ability.
    As anxiety makers, examinations are second to none. That is because so much depends on them. They are the mark of success or failure in our society. Your whole future may be decided in one fateful day. No one can show his best with worry, or after a sleepless night, yet this is precisely what the examination system expects him to do.
    A good education should, among other things, train you to think for yourself. The examination system, however, does anything but that. What has to be learnt is laid down by a syllabus(教学大纲), so the student is encouraged to memorize it. Examinations do not motivate a student to read widely, and they do not enable him to seek more and more knowledge. Furthermore, teachers themselves are often judged by the results of their students’ examinations. Consequently, they have to train their students to master exam techniques which they dislike. The most successful candidates are not always the best educated but the best trained.
    The results on which so much depends are often nothing more than a subjective assessment by some anonymous (匿名的) examiners. They certainly make mistakes, because they have to mark mountains of scripts(笔试答卷) in a limited amount of time. They work under the same sort of pressure as the candidates.
The main idea of this passage is that examinations are________.
选项 A、anxiety makers
B、harmful to education
C、reliable and efficient
D、good measures of memory
答案B
解析 通读全文可知，本文通篇都在讲述考试的弊端。第一段指出教育学家未能设计出比考试更为有效和可靠的方法，考试可能是测试记忆力或在极端压力下快速工作技能的好方法，但无法告诉我们一个人真正的能力；第二至四段分别讲述了考试的弊端：考试是焦虑制造者，考试制度鼓励学生死记硬背而无法训练他们独立思考，考试结果可能是匿名考官的主观评估。由此可推知，“考试对教育有害”是本文的主旨。故选B。
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