首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
考研
【F1】The majority of successful senior managers do not closely follow the classical rational model of first clarifying goals, ass
【F1】The majority of successful senior managers do not closely follow the classical rational model of first clarifying goals, ass
admin
2014-10-27
67
问题
【F1】
The majority of successful senior managers do not closely follow the classical rational model of first clarifying goals, assessing the problem, formulating options, estimating likelihoods of success, making a decision, and only then taking action to implement the decision.
【F2】
Rather, in their day-by-day tactical maneuvers, these senior executives rely on what is vaguely termed intuition to manage a network of interrelated problems that require them to deal with ambiguity, inconsistency, novelty, and surprise; and to integrate action into the process of thinking.
Generations of writers on management have recognized that some practicing managers rely heavily on intuition. In general, however, such writers display a poor grasp of what intuition is. Some see it as the opposite of rationality; others view it as an excuse for capriciousness.
Isenberg’s recent research on the cognitive processes of senior managers reveals that managers’ intuition is neither of these. Rather, senior managers use intuition in at least five distinct ways. First, they intuitively sense when a problem exists. Second, managers rely on intuition to perform well-learned behavior patterns rapidly. This intuition is not arbitrary or irrational, but is based on years of painstaking practice and hands-on experience that build skills. A third function of intuition is to synthesize isolated bits of data and practice into an integrated picture, often in an Aha! experience. Fourth, some managers use intuition as a check on the results of more rational analysis.【F3】
Most senior executives are familiar with the formal decision analysis models and tools, and those who use such systematic methods for reaching decisions are occasionally leery of solutions suggested by these methods which run counter to their sense of the correct course of action.
Finally, managers can use intuition to bypass in-depth analysis and move rapidly to engender a plausible solution. Used in this way, intuition is an almost instantaneous cognitive process in which a manager recognizes familiar patterns.
One of the implications of the intuitive style of executive management is that thinking is inseparable from acting. Since managers often know what is right before they can analyze and explain it, they frequently act first and explain later.【F4】
Analysis is inextricably tied to action in thinking-acting cycles, in which managers develop thoughts about their companies and organizations not by analyzing a problematic situation and then acting, but by acting and analyzing in close concert.
【F5】
Given the great uncertainty of many of the management issues that they face, senior managers often instigate a course of action simply to learn more about an issue.
They then use the results of the action to develop a more complete understanding of the issue. One implication of thinking-acting cycles is that action is often part of defining the problem, not just of implementing the solution.
【F3】
选项
答案
大部分高层管理人员熟知传统的决策分析模式和工具,那些使用这些正式的系统化方法做出决定的人经常会对一种情况保持警惕,那就是有时此方法得出的结论和他们对正确行为的感觉不符。
解析
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/ZyK4777K
0
考研英语一
相关试题推荐
Studythefollowingdrawingcarefullyandwriteanessayinwhichyoushould:1.describethedrawing,2.interpretitsmeaning,
In19th-centuryEngland,craftsmendonnedmasksandriotedloforcethedestructionoftextilemachinesthatwerestealingtheir
Musiccomesinmanyforms;mostcountrieshaveastyleoftheirown.【C1】______theturnofthecenturywhenjazz(爵士乐)wasborn,
Musiccomesinmanyforms;mostcountrieshaveastyleoftheirown.【C1】______theturnofthecenturywhenjazz(爵士乐)wasborn,
Musiccomesinmanyforms;mostcountrieshaveastyleoftheirown.【C1】______theturnofthecenturywhenjazz(爵士乐)wasborn,
Musiccomesinmanyforms;mostcountrieshaveastyleoftheirown.【C1】______theturnofthecenturywhenjazz(爵士乐)wasborn,
Untilthetwentiethcentury(1900s),themajorityoftheblackpopulationlivedinthesouthernpartoftheUnitedStates.Then
Untilthetwentiethcentury(1900s),themajorityoftheblackpopulationlivedinthesouthernpartoftheUnitedStates.Then
Untilthetwentiethcentury(1900s),themajorityoftheblackpopulationlivedinthesouthernpartoftheUnitedStates.Then
Untilthetwentiethcentury(1900s),themajorityoftheblackpopulationlivedinthesouthernpartoftheUnitedStates.Then
随机试题
中医诊断为治法为
一新生儿,早产,轻度窒息,3天后出现烦躁、脑性尖叫、惊厥,前囟门饱满,肌张力增高,最可能的诊断是
小儿1岁时,头围是
张某是云南省人民代表大会选出的全国人大代表。2000年张某因犯受贿罪被检察院逮捕。云南省人民代表大会召开会议,拟罢免其全国人大代表资格。如云南省人民代表大会有代表300人,则提出对张某的罢免案,需要有多少代表联名?
财政补助结转资金指当年支出预算已执行但尚未完成或因故未执行。下年需按原用途继续使用的财政补助资金。财政补助结转包括基本支出结转和项目支出结转。()
下列关于允许扣除的外购应税消费品已纳税款的来源限定正确的有()。
思维的不可逆性和自我中心在皮亚杰所描述的()阶段表现得最为明显。
以下不属于人本主义学习理论观点的是()
对于下列程序段; AGAIN: MOV ES:[DI],AL INC DI LOOP AGAIN可用指令( )完成相同的功能。
Intimesofsevere______companiesareoftenforcedtomakemassivejobcutsinordertosurvive.
最新回复
(
0
)