首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
According to sociologists, there are several different ways in which a person may become recognized as the leader of a social gr
According to sociologists, there are several different ways in which a person may become recognized as the leader of a social gr
admin
2015-01-31
38
问题
According to sociologists, there are several different ways in which a person may become recognized as the leader of a social group. In the family, traditional cultural patterns confer leadership on one or both of the parents. In other cases, such as friendship groups, one or more persons may gradually emerge as leaders, although there is no formal process of selection. In larger groups, leaders are usually chosen formally through election or recruitment.
Although leaders are often thought to be people with unusual personal ability, decades of research have failed to produce consistent evidence that there is any category of "
natural leaders
". It seems that there is no set of personal qualities that all leaders have in common; rather, virtually any person may be recognized as a leader if the person has qualities that meet the needs of that particular group.
Research suggests that there are typically two different leadership roles that are held by different individuals. Instrumental leadership is leadership that emphasizes the completion of tasks by a social group. Group members look to instrumental leaders to "get things done". Expressive leadership, on the other hand, is leadership that emphasizes the collective well-beings of a social group’ s members. Expressive leaders are less concerned with the overall goals of the group than with providing emotional support to group members and attempting to minimize tension and conflict among them.
Instrumental leaders are likely to have a rather secondary relationship to other group members. They give others tasks and may discipline group members who inhibit(阻碍)attainment of the group’s goals. Expressive leaders cultivate a more personal or primary relationship to others in the group. They offer sympathy when someone experiences difficulties and try to resolve issues that threaten to divide the group. As the differences in these two roles suggest, expressive leaders generally receive more personal affection from group members; instrumental leaders, if they are successful in promoting group goals, may enjoy a more distant respect.
The passage mentions all of the following ways by which people can become leaders EXCEPT______.
选项
A、recruitment
B、formal election process
C、specific leadership training
D、traditional cultural patterns
答案
C
解析
细节题。短文第一段指出了成为领导者的不同方式:traditional culturalpatterns,election or recruitment.选项C specific leadership training在文中并没有提及。故选C。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/a0q7777K
0
大学英语四级
相关试题推荐
A、Shefearedthathumanbeingswouldhurther.B、Shewasannoyedbythenoisespeoplemade.C、Shewantedtoprotectherkidfrom
Americanshavelongpridedthemselvesasbeingpartofanoptimisticsociety.ButanewresearchdescribesAmericansaspessimis
Americanshavelongpridedthemselvesasbeingpartofanoptimisticsociety.ButanewresearchdescribesAmericansaspessimis
WhyMinorityStudentsDon’tGraduatefromCollegeA)BarryMills,thepresidentofBowdoinCollege,wasjustifiablyproudofBowd
Master’sofYourOwnFieldA)Inthefaceofafearsomejobmarketandhighgraduateunemploymentlevels,postgraduateeducation
Sinceancienttimes,thedestructiveeffectsofearthquakesonhumanlivesandpropertyhaveencouragedthesearchforreliable
Sinceancienttimes,thedestructiveeffectsofearthquakesonhumanlivesandpropertyhaveencouragedthesearchforreliable
Acidrain,whichisaformofairpollution,currentlybecomesasubjectofgreatdebatebecauseofwidespreadenvironmentaldam
Aswarspreadstomanycornersoftheglobe,childrensadlyhavebeendrawnintothecenterofconflicts.InAfghanistan,Bosnia
随机试题
试简述异步二进制递增计数器与同步二进制递增计数器相比,在响应速度上有什么区别。为什么?
关子斜疝的叙述下列错误的是()
为了确保土地利用总体规划的质量,在规划完成报批之前,必须先由上级土地管理部门组织规划成果评审小组,对各项成果进行检查评审。()
地处云贵高原的某新建机场为高填方机场,其中最大填方高度145m。在建设过程中发生了以下事件:事件一:经检验飞行区B标段填方工程填料的分类粒组是——粒径大于60mm的颗粒质量不超过总质量的50%,且粒径小于2mm的颗粒质量不超过总质量的50%。事件二:施
若发现软盘中文件染上病毒,可用()法清除。
根据费德勒模型提出的结论,当领导者处于最不利的情景时,应采用()领导方式。
我国新型工业化道路的表现?
巴西首都里约热内卢于2016年举办了第31届夏季奥林匹克运动会。()
五岳归来不看山,()归来不看岳。
ReadthistextaboutthetransformationofstrategiesofThomsonCorporation.Choosethebestsentenceformtheoppositepa
最新回复
(
0
)