首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Complete the flow chart below. Write NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS for each answer. Expertise in creative writing B
Complete the flow chart below. Write NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS for each answer. Expertise in creative writing B
admin
2014-11-08
27
问题
Complete the flow chart below.
Write NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS for each answer.
Expertise in creative writing
Background—researcher had previously studied 【L31】______
↓
Had initial idea for research—inspired by a book(the 【L32】______ of a famous novelist).
↓
Posed initial question—why do some people become experts whilst others don’t?
↓
Read expertise research in different fields.
Avoided studies conducted in a 【L33】______.because too controlled.
Most helpful studies-research into 【L34】______, e.g. waiting tables.
↓
Found participants: four true 【L35】______in creative writing (easy to find)and four with extensive experience.
↓
Using ’think aloud’ techniques, gathered 【L36】______data from inexperienced writer.(During session—assistant made 【L37】______recordings).
↓
Gathered similar data from experienced writers.
↓
Compared two data sets and generated a 【L38】______for analysis (Identified five major stages in writing—will be refined later).
↓
Got an expert 【L39】______to evaluate the quality of the different products.
↓
Identified the most effective 【L40】______of stages in producing text.
【L31】
Narrator: You will hear a psychology undergraduate describing the research she is currently doing on expertise in creative writing. First you have some time to look at Questions 31-40. Now listen, and answer Questions 31-40.
Student: For my short presentation today, I’m going to summarise the work I’ve done so far on my research project: to explore expertise in creative writing. Essentially, I’ll share with you the process I underwent to gather my interim findings.
First of all, I should give a little relevant background information about myself—before I started my current degree course in cognitive psychology, I studied English literature and, as you can imagine, this meant I spent a great deal of time thinking about the notion of creativity and what makes people develop into successful writers. However, the idea for this research project came from a very specific source —I became fascinated with the idea of what makes an expert creative writer when I read a well-known twentieth century writer’s autobiography. I won’t say which one, at this stage, because I think that might prejudice your interpretation! Anyway, this got me thinking about the different routes to expertise. Specifically I wondered why some people become experts at things whilst others fail to do so, in spite of the fact that they may be equally gifted and work equally hard.
I started to read about how other researchers had explored similar questions in other fields. I began to see a pattern— that those studies which involved research in a lab were too controlled for my purposes and I decided to avoid reading them. I was quite surprised to find that the clearest guidance for my topic came from investigations into what I call ’practical skills’ such as hairdressing or waiting tables. Most of these studies tended to use a similar set of procedures, which I eventually adopted for my own project.
Student: I’ll now explain what these procedures were. I decided to compare what inexperienced writers do with what experienced writers do. In order to investigate this, I looked for four people whom I regarded as real novices in this field—which proved easy ... perhaps unsurprisingly. It proved much harder to locate people with suitably extensive experience who were willing to take part in my study. I asked the first four to do a set writing task and as they wrote, to talk into a tape-recorder... a technique known as ’think aloud’ ... this was in order to get experimental data. Whilst they were doing this, a research assistant recorded them using video—I thought it might be helpful for me in my transcriptions later on. I then asked four experienced writers to do exactly the same task. After this, I made a comparison between the two sets of data and this helped me to produce a framework for analysis. In particular, I identified five major stages which all creative writers seem to go through when generating this genre of text. I think it was fairly effective but still needs some work ... so I intend to tighten this up later for use with subsequent data sets.
I then wanted to see whether experienced writers were actually producing the better pieces of writing. So I asked an editor, an expert in reviewing creative writing, to decide which were the best pieces of writing. This person put the eight pieces of work in order of quality—in rank order— and, using his evaluations, I was then able to work out which sequence of the five stages seemed to lead to the best quality writing.
Now my findings are by no means conclusive as this point... I still have a long way to go but if any of you have any questions, I’d be happy to answer them and ...
选项
答案
English literature
解析
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/a4AO777K
本试题收录于:
雅思听力题库雅思(IELTS)分类
0
雅思听力
雅思(IELTS)
相关试题推荐
Historian:Plato,writinginthefourthcenturyB.C.,describesanislandhecallsAtlantis,whereanancientcivilization,
ElizabethBishop’sCompletePoems(1927-1979)hascometoseemtomostofitsreaderssoachievedandsufficientasalife’swork
In1755BritishwriterSamuelJohnsonpublishedanacerbiclettertoLordChesterfieldrebukinghispatronforneglectanddecli
PART11.Theexaminerasksthecandidateabouthim/herself,his/herhome,workorstudiesandotherfamiliartopics.EXAMPLE★W
PART1Theexaminerwillaskyousomequestionsaboutyourself,suchas:—Whatcountrydoyoucomefrom?—Whichothercountriesh
PART1Theexaminerwillaskyouquestionsaboutyourself,suchas:——What’syourname?——Wheredoyoulive?——Whatfamilyme
Whattypesofthingsdoyouenjoybuyingthemostonline?
WRITINGTASK1Youshouldspendabout20minutesonthistask.ThechartshowsthehoursperweekspentwatchingTVbygende
Thechartshowsthenumberofdaystheaverageemployeehasoffworkperyearinfourdifferentcountries.Summarisetheinfor
Thetablebelowshowsthenumberofmenandwomenwhoaremorethan100yearsoldin1911,1941,1971and2001inUK.Write
随机试题
放射性碘治疗甲亢最常见的并发症是()。
要使乙醇溶液中的皂苷沉淀出来,可加入
A.左旋多巴B.苯海索C.卡比多巴D.金刚烷胺E.司来吉兰
职业健康安全管理体系与环境管理体系中“具有自身职能和行政惯例的公司、集团公司、商行、企事业单位、政府机构或社团,或是上述单位的部分结合体,无论其是否为法人团体,公营或私营”是对()的定义。
下列关于有限责任公司转让股权的说法,不正确的是()。
仿照所给例句,用下面的词展开联想,给它一个精彩的解释。固执:你是一堵墙,使人封闭自己,看不清外面的世界。风筝:_______________________________________友情:________________
Languageisthemostastonishingbehaviorintheanimalkingdom.Itisthespecies-typicalbehaviorthatsetshumanscompletely【
集成电路制造技术是嵌入式系统发展的重要基础,下面关于集成电路技术发展的叙述中,错误的是()。
Whereisthemuseum’smainentrance?Ifyouwanttoseestuffedfishandbirds,whichfloorshouldyougoto?
Thisisasetofrecommendationsfor______.Thepatientsshouldbeaskediftheyare______.
最新回复
(
0
)