首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
考研
What is making the world so much older? There are two long-term causes and a temporary blip that will continue to show up in the
What is making the world so much older? There are two long-term causes and a temporary blip that will continue to show up in the
admin
2015-12-28
57
问题
What is making the world so much older? There are two long-term causes and a temporary blip that will continue to show up in the figures for the next few decades.【F1】
The first of the big causes is that people everywhere are living far longer than they used to, and this trend started with the industrial revolution and has been slowly gathering pace.
In 1900 average life expectancy at birth for the world as a whole was only around 30 years, and in rich countries under 50. The figures now are 67 and 78 respectively, and still rising. For all the talk about the coming old-age crisis, that is surely something to be grateful for-especially since older people these days also seem to remain healthy, fit and active for much longer.
【F2】
A second, and bigger, cause of the ageing of societies is that people everywhere are having far fewer children, so the younger age groups are much too small to counterbalance the growing number of older people.
This trend emerged later than the one for longer lives, first in developed countries and now in poor countries too. In the early 1970s women across the world were still, on average, having 4.3 children each. The current global average is 2.6, and in rich countries only 1.6.【F3】
The UN predicts that by 2050 the global figure will have dropped to just two, so by mid-century the world’s population will begin to level out.
The numbers in some developed countries have already started shrinking. Depending on your point of view, that may or may not be a good thing, but it will certainly turn the world into a different place.
The temporary blip that has magnified the effects of lower fertility and greater longevity is the baby-boom that arrived in most rich countries after the Second World War.【F4】
The timing varied slightly from place to place, but in America—where the effect was strongest—it covered roughly the 20 years from 1945, a period when nearly 80 million Americans were born.
The first of them are now coming up to retirement. For the next 20 years those baby-boomers will be swelling the ranks of pensioners, which will lead to a rapid drop in the working population all over the rich world.
As always, the averages mask considerable diversity.【F5】
Most developing countries do not have to worry about ageing—yet, in the longer term, however, the same factors as in the rich world—fewer births, longer lives—will cause poorer countries to age too.
【F4】
选项
答案
婴儿潮出现的时间因地点的不同而略有差别,但在美国,始于1945年的婴儿潮大约持续了20年。这一时期出生的人口数量接近8000万。对美国社会造成极大影响。
解析
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/aGsZ777K
0
考研英语一
相关试题推荐
WildBillDonovanwouldhavelovedtheInternet.TheAmericanspymasterwhobuilttheOfficeofStrategicServicesinWorldWar
Sevenyearsago,whenIwasvisitingGermany,Imetwithanofficialwhoexplainedtomethatthecountryhadaperfectsolution
Throughoutthislong,tenseelection,everyonehasfocusedonthepresidentialcandidatesandhowthey’llchangeAmerica.Rightl
[A]Watchingrelatedexpensesandmakingwisechoice[B]Payingattentiontodetails[C]Weighingyourfinancialgoalsandexpectat
Youprobablyhavealongmentallistofmomentsandfactsyouwishyoucouldremember—butactuallyyoucannot.Thegoodnews,【B1
Inthatmythicalera【B1】______childrenwereseenandnotheard,anddid【B2】______theyweretoldwithout【B3】______,everyoneknew
Inthatmythicalera【B1】______childrenwereseenandnotheard,anddid【B2】______theyweretoldwithout【B3】______,everyoneknew
Internetallowedpeopletopaylowerpricesforbooksbutalsoencouragedthemtopayhighpricesforsharesinlossmakingdotco
Theyare"financialweaponsofmassdestruction,"toquotethefamousinvestorWarrenBuffettashesurveyedthemorning-afterd
随机试题
A.血清抗体IgGB.黏膜局部抗体sIgAC.两者均是D.两者均非脊髓灰质炎口服减毒活疫苗可以产生()
人民法院审理行政案件时,作为参照的是()。
含维生素B2丰富的食物是
溶栓药的使用禁忌证不包括
施工单位在工程施工中必须进行见证取样和送检的是()。
《义务教育音乐课程标准(2011年版)》的课程内容包括()四大领域。
班杜拉提出的自我效能感理论认为,人的行为受行为的结果因素与先行因素的影响。行为的结果因素不包括()。
(2011年浙江.50)四位厨师聚餐时各做r一道拿手菜。现在要求每个人去品尝一道荣,但不能尝自己做的那道菜。问共有几种不同的尝法?()
对下列情形应当实行数罪并罚的是()
以下关于采用一位奇校验方法的叙述中,正确的是______。
最新回复
(
0
)