2. 外语
  3. The problem that environmental economics aims to remedy is the following: people making economic decisions cannot readily compar

The problem that environmental economics aims to remedy is the following: people making economic decisions cannot readily compar

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问题 The problem that environmental economics aims to remedy is the following: people making economic decisions cannot readily compare environmental factors, such as clean air and the survival of endangered species, with other costs and benefits. As environmental economists recognize, solving this problem requires assigning monetary values to environmental factors. But monetary values result from people comparing costs and benefits in order to arrive at economic decisions. Thus, environmental economics is stymied by what motivates it. If the considerations advanced in its support are true, the passage’s conclusion is supported
选项 A、strongly, on the assumption that monetary values for environmental factors cannot be assigned unless people make economic decisions about these factors.
B、strongly, unless economic decision-making has not yet had any effect on the things categorized as environmental factors.
C、at best weakly, because the passage fails to establish that economic decision-makers do not by and large take adequate account of environmental factors.
D、at best weakly, because the argument assumes that pollution and other effects on environmental factors rarely result from economic decision-making.
E、not at all, since the argument is circular, taking that conclusion as one of its premises.
答案A
解析 本题的读题重点在第三和第四句话，第三句话为前提，第四句话为结论，结合段落的前两句话，第四句话等价于环境经济学不可能解决要解决的问题.因为第三句话表明“金钱的价值源自人们为做出经济上的决定而对成本和收益的比较”，而人们做出经济上的决定时，一般不会对其成本和收益进行比较(如第一句话所说)。若如(A)所说，“赋予环境因素金钱价值的必要条件是人们在做出经济上的决定时会考虑这些环境因素”，由于人们做出经济上的决定时，一般不会对其成本和收益进行比较，那么就不可能赋予环境因素一定的金钱价值，所以选项(A)通过做了一个假设支持了该段落的结论。
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