2. 外语
  3. It is not, by no means, the world’s oldest company. There are 【M1】______ Japanese hotels dated back to the 8th century, German b

It is not, by no means, the world’s oldest company. There are 【M1】______ Japanese hotels dated back to the 8th century, German b

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问题     It is not, by no means, the world’s oldest company. There are 【M1】______
Japanese hotels dated back to the 8th century, German breweries that 【M2】______
hail from the 11th and an Italian bank with roots in the 15th. What is
unusual about IBM, which celebrates its 100th birthday this week, is
that it has been so successful and so long in the fast-moving field of 【M3】______
technology. How has it done it?
    IBM’s secret is that it is built around an idea that transcends any
special product or technology. Its strategy is to package technology 【M4】______
for use by businesses. At first this meant making punch-card
tabulators, but IBM moved on to magnetic-tape systems, mainframes,
PCs, and most recently services and consulting. Building a company
around an idea, other than a specific technology, makes it easier to 【M5】______
adapt when industry platform shifts occur.
    True, IBM’s longevity is also due, in parts, to dumb luck. It 【M6】______
almost came unstuck early because its bosses were hesitant to 【M7】______
abandon punch cards. And it had a near-death experience in 1993
since its bosses realized that the best way to package technology for 【M8】______
use by businesses was to focus on services. An elegant organizing
idea is of use if a company cannot come up with good products or 【M9】______
services, and if it has clueless bosses. But on the basis of this simple 【M10】______
formula — that a company should focus more on an idea than a
technology, which of today’s technology giants might still be
standing tall a century after their founding?
【M8】
选项
答案since—before
解析 句法错误。本句的意思是在他们醒悟过来之前。since表示从某个时间点开始，与本句的意义恰好相反。
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