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  3. In a country with a shrinking population, the latest trend in Germany’s higher education is something of a mystery: the number o

In a country with a shrinking population, the latest trend in Germany’s higher education is something of a mystery: the number o

admin2022-07-19  36
问题     In a country with a shrinking population, the latest trend in Germany’s higher education is something of a mystery: the number of universities and academic programs is rising. The growth is the sharpest for professional graduate schools, where the number has soared from practically zero in 2013 to 130 now, in fields ranging from law and business to clinical counseling and education. But there is one obvious problem: not enough students are signing up. The German government says that nearly half of professionally oriented programs, aside from law schools, have yet to fill their stated student capacity. And the problem has been especially acute in graduate programs in education.
    Interest in many professional schools has been less than overwhelming, said Markus Zimmermann, an executive senior consultant at the Germany Research Institute in Berlin, which is affiliated with Berliner Banking Corp. "German universities tend to roll out programs without having a good grasp of the needs in the marketplace," said Mr. Zimmermann, who watches Germany’s higher education. "When they start a program, they assume there will be students."
    In German, the need for graduate programs seems undeniable: lifetime employment is crumbling, employers are spending less time and money to train young workers, and social problems are becoming more complex, increasing the need for experts. Setting up graduate programs in education was the universities’ answer to a growing dissatisfaction with the primary and secondary school system.
    With the accreditation of the Ministry of Education, 19 universities launched professionally oriented graduate programs in teacher education, seeking approximately 700 students in total. Seven more schools introduced similar programs a year later. During the first year, 8 of the 19 original institutions fell short of the target enrollment—some by far: two schools managed to recruit only half of the target numbers of students. A ministry assessment completed shortly afterward said the schools lacked proper marketing methods and had failed to clearly state the practical benefits of receiving graduate diplomas.
    Some schools are taking their own measures to increase enrollment. They have gone around visiting undergraduate departments giving explanatory sessions and did what they could to let people know about their problems. The graduate school has also been placing an emphasis on practical training, for example, sending students to teach at local primary and secondary schools. Students teach lessons at local schools, videotape the classes and then bring the tapes back for evaluation with other students. Then they feed the solutions back to the classes. A number of graduate students have had years of teaching experience before coming to the graduate programs, and generally held positive views about the in-class training.
How is the Germany’s graduate enrollment?
选项 A、Only law schools have not achieved their stated students capacity.
B、About half of professionally oriented programs have not filled their stated students capacity.
C、More than half of professionally oriented programs have not filled their stated students capacity.
D、Many other professionally oriented schools, except law schools, have filled their stated students capacity.
答案B
解析 本题关键词是graduate enrollment，问题是：德国研究生的招生情况如何?可以定位到原文第一段第四句。第一段第四句指出，除法律院校以外(aside from law schools)，几乎近半数(nearly hall)的专业研究生课程还未招满学生(have yet to fill)。选项B“差不多半数(about half)的专业研究生课程没有完成(have not filled)既定的招生目标”与原文内容一致，二者属于相同含义，是正确选项。选项A“只有法律院校没有完成既定的招生目标”与原文内容相反，属于正反混淆。选项C“超过半数(more than half)”与原文中的“几乎半数”不一致，属于扩大范围。选项D“除法律院校外，许多其他院校都已完成既定的招生目标”，原文明确指出除法律院校以外，几乎近半数的专业研究生课程还未招满(have yet to fill)学生，选项D与原文内容相反，属于正反混淆。
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