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  3. What impact can mobile phones have on their users’ health? Many people worry about the supposed ill effects caused by radiation

What impact can mobile phones have on their users’ health? Many people worry about the supposed ill effects caused by radiation

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问题     What impact can mobile phones have on their users’ health? Many people worry about the supposed ill effects caused by radiation from handsets and base stations, despite the lack of credible evidence of any harm. But evidence for the beneficial effects of mobile phones on health is rather more abundant. Indeed, a systematic review carried out by Rifat Atun and his colleagues at Imperial College, London, rounds up 150 examples of the use of text-messaging in the delivery of health care. These uses fall into three categories: efficiency gains; public-health gains; and direct benefits to patients by incorporating text-messaging into treatment regimes. The study, funded by Vodafone, the world’s largest mobile operator, was published this week.
    Using texting to boost efficiency is not rocket science, but big savings can be achieved. Several trials carried out in England have found that the use of text-messaging reminders reduces the number of missed appointments with family doctors by 26%~39%, for example, and the number of missed hospital appointments by 33%~50%. If such schemes were rolled out nationally, this would translate into annual savings of 256 million to 364 million pounds.
    Text messages are also being used to remind patients about blood tests, clinics, scans and dental appointments. Similar schemes in America, Norway and Sweden have had equally satisfying results—though the use of text-message reminders in the Netherlands, where non-attendance rates are low, at 4%, had no effect other than to annoy patients.
    Text messages can also be a good way to disseminate (广泛传播) public-health information, particularly to groups who are hard to reach by other means, such as teenagers, or in developing countries where other means of communication are unavailable. Text messages have been used in India to inform people about the World Health Organization’s strategy to control tuberculosis, for example, and in Kenya, Nigeria and Mali to provide information about HIV and malaria. In Iraq, text messages were used to support a campaign to vaccinate nearly 5 million children against polio (小儿麻痹症).
    Finally, there are the uses of text-messaging as part of a treatment regime. These involve sending reminders to patients to take their medicine at the right time, or to encourage compliance (遵守) with exercise regimes or efforts to stop smoking. The evidence for the effectiveness of such schemes is generally anecdotal, however, notes Dr. Rifat. More quantitative research is needed—which is why his team published three papers this week looking at the use of mobile phones in health care in more detail. One of these papers, written in conjunction with Victoria Franklin and Stephen Greene of the University of Dundee, in Scotland, reports the results of a trial in which diabetic teenagers’ treatment was backed up with text-messaging.
What does the author intend to say by the examples of the countries in the fourth paragraph?
选项 A、Text messages may help to spread information about public health.
B、Text messages are easily available in countries like India and Kenya.
C、These countries are suffering from terrible infectious disease.
D、The technology of sending text messages is advanced in these countries.
答案A
解析 推理判断题。分析第四段的结构可知，该段为总分结构，第一句为中心句，指出手机短信也是传播公共健康信息的有效途径之一，其后的部分对中心句进行例证。由此不难看出，第四段中提到的许多国家的例子实际上是对中心句的有力论证，所以A)为本题的答案。
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