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  3. Globalization is a phenomenon and a revolution. It is sweeping the world with increasing speed and changing the global landscape

Globalization is a phenomenon and a revolution. It is sweeping the world with increasing speed and changing the global landscape

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问题     Globalization is a phenomenon and a revolution. It is sweeping the world with increasing speed and changing the global landscape into something new and different. Yet, like all such trends, its meaning, development, and impact puzzle many. We talk about globalization and experience its effects, but few of us really understand the forces that are at work in the global political economy.
    When people use their cell phones, log onto the Internet, view events from around the world on live television, and experience varying cultures in their own backyards, they begin to believe that this process of globalization is a good thing that will bring a variety of new and sophisticated changes to people’s lives. Many aspects of this technological revolution bring fun, ease, and sophistication to people’s daily lives. Yet the anti-World Trade Organization (WTO) protests in Seattle, Washington in 1999 and Washington, D. C. in 2000 are graphic illustrations of the fact that not everyone believes that globalization is a good thing. Many Americans who have felt left out of the global economic boom, as well as Latin Americans, Africans, and Asians who feel that their job skills and abilities are being exploited by multinational corporations (MNCs) in a global division of labor, believe that this system does not meet their needs. Local cultures that believe that Wal-Mart and McDonald’s bringing cultural change and harm rather than inexpensive products and convenience criticize the process. In this way, globalization, like all revolutionary forces, polarizes people, alters the fabric of their lives, and creates rifts within and between people.
    Many in the West, along with the prominent and elite among MNCs, educators, and policymakers, seem to have embraced globalization. They argue that it helps to streamline economic systems, disciplines labor and management, brings forth new technologies and ideas, and fuels economic growth. They point to the relative prosperity of many Western countries and argue that this is proof of globalization’s positive effects. They see little of the problems the critics identify. In fact, those who recognize some structural problems in the system argue that despite these issues, globalization is like across the developing world, view globalization as an economic and cultural wave that tears at the fabric of centuries-old societies. They see jobs emerging disappearing in a matter of months, people moving across the landscape in record numbers, elites amassing huge fortunes while local cultures and traditions are swept away, and local youth being seduced by promises of American material wealth and distanced from their own cultural roots. These critics look past the allure of globalization and focus on the disquieting impact of rapid and system-wide change.
    The irony of such a far-ranging and rapid historical process such as globalization is that both proponents and critics may be right. The realities of globalization are both intriguing and alarming. As technology and the global infrastructure expand, ideas, methods, and services are developed and disseminated to greater and greater numbers of people. As a result, societies and values are altered, some for the better and others for the worse.
To critics, the worst thing that globalization has brought to us is______.
选项 A、the promises of American material wealth
B、the rapid change in social system
C、the disappearance of local cultures and traditions
D、the constant movement of people across the landscape
答案B
解析 题目考查“批评者所认为的全球化给我们带来的最糟糕的事是什么”。倒数第二段最后一句：These critics look past the allure of globalization and focus on the disquieting impact of rapid and system-wide change．通过这句话可知，批评者们认为，全球化造成了社会体系广泛迅速的改变。据此判断，应选择B。
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