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  3. Why do some people live to be older than others? You know the standard explanations: keeping a moderate diet, engaging in regula

Why do some people live to be older than others? You know the standard explanations: keeping a moderate diet, engaging in regula

admin2022-07-13  12
问题     Why do some people live to be older than others? You know the standard explanations: keeping a moderate diet, engaging in regular exercise, etc. But what effect does your personality have on your longevity (长寿)? Do some kinds of personalities lead to longer lives? A new study in the Journal of the American Geriatrics Society looked at this question by examining the personality characteristics of 246 children of people who had lived to be at least 100.
    The study shows that those living the longest are more outgoing, more active and less neurotic (神经质的 ) than other people. Long-living women are also more likely to be sympathetic and cooperative than women with a normal life span. These findings are in agreement with what you would expect from the evolutionary theory: those who like to make friends and help others can gather enough resources to make it through tough times.
    Interestingly, however, other characteristics that you might consider advantageous had no impact on whether study participants were likely to live longer. Those who were more self-disciplined, for instance, were no more likely to live to be very old. Also, being open to new ideas had no relationship to long life, which might explain all those bad-tempered old people who are fixed in their ways.
    Whether you can successfully change your personality as an adult is the subject of a longstanding psychological debate. But the new paper suggests that if you want long life, you should strive to be as outgoing as possible.
    Unfortunately, another recent study shows that your mother’s personality may also help determine your longevity. That study looked at nearly 28,000 Norwegian mothers and found that those moms who were more anxious, depressed and angry were more likely to feed their kids unhealthy diets. Patterns of childhood eating can be hard to break when we’re adults, which may mean that kids of depressed moms end up dying younger.
    Personality isn’t destiny (命运), and everyone knows that individuals can learn to change. But both studies show that long life isn’t just a matter of your physical health but of your mental health.
What finding of the study might prove somewhat out of our expectation?
选项 A、Easy-going people can also live a relatively long life.
B、Personality characteristics that prove advantageous actually vary with times.
C、Such personality characteristics as self-discipline have no effect on longevity.
D、Readiness to accept new ideas helps one enjoy longevity.
答案C
解析 推理判断题。第三段第一句提到，那些人或许会认为有助于延年益寿的其他性格对于研究对象能否活得更长久并没有影响。此句表达了出乎意料之意。第二句接着举例进行解释：那些更自律的人并非更有可能活得更长久。也就是说，某些人认为有益的性格对寿命并没有影响，故答案为C)。
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