首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
The human species has increased its life span by________.
The human species has increased its life span by________.
admin
2022-11-25
120
问题
The human species has increased its life span by________.
W: The quest for immortality has been a past and a current obsession. How will medical advances contribute to longer life spans? Is there a limit to how long we can live?
M: In the 20th century, in the developed nations, our life span increased from about 50 years to about 80 years. In just 100 years, our species increased its life span by 60 percent. Right now changes in our lifestyle have more power to extend our life span than any medicines yet invented i sitting around waiting for a magical life-extending cure-all isn’ t healthy. Still, there have been some remarkable advances in identifying genes that affect aging. Manipulating those genes extends the life spans of some simple animals by 500 percent. I think our grandchildren may see a world in which people live healthier and considerably longer. But I won’t be there to find out if I was right.
W: Are the dangers of advancing medicine too far ever taken into consideration? What happens when there is no more sickness and people live so long that we overpopulate the planet? How far is too far?
M: I agree with you that longer lives and larger populations could cause problems. This is particularly true in overpopulated parts of the world, where hundreds of millions of people live in hunger and squalor. While discovering how to extend the healthy human life span, we also need to make major advances in cheap energy and food production. Otherwise we risk making the problems of overpopulation and uneven distribution of resources even worse.
W: How can we control harmful viruses when they seem to change more quickly than medical and research advances?
M: It is getting tougher for humans to fight viruses. Viruses counter our moves against them. They multiply very rapidly, and occasionally a genetic mutation occurs that allows them to resist our antiviral drugs. However, scientists are working on entirely new strategies. For example, a recently discovered natural process called RNA interference has shown early promise in treating viral infections. Like viruses, bacteria are also becoming more difficult to treat. Ironically, one way of countering bacteria may be to harness a group of viruses known as bacteriophages. For millions of years, these viruses have been killing specific bacteria without harming humans. Scientists are examining whether bacteriophages, rather than antibiotics, might help treat some bacterial infections.
W: What is the status on finding a cure for HIV/AIDS?
M: It is now 25 years since HIV/AIDS was first recognized, and we do not have either an effective vaccine or a curative antiviral treatment. Yet treatment has improved dramatically: For many people, HIV/AIDS is now a chronic disease and not a death sentence. Why don’ t we have a cure? One problem is that today’ s treatments, while suppressing HIV s ability to proliferate and damage organs, do not completely eliminate the virus from the body.
W: Obesity seems to foster just about every other malady known to man. What’ s down the road in the field of DNA research and drug therapy?
M: Obesity surely does make us more vulnerable to many major diseases, including heart disease and diabetes. No matter what great advances science offers, a healthy diet and regular exercise will always contribute to the maintenance of a healthy weight. That said, over the past 15 years scientists have discovered a group of genes that powerfully influence hunger and the efficiency with which we bum calories. It really is true: some people are born with "thin" genes. As we figure out how certain genes make it easier to be thin, I am optimistic that within the next 20 years we will develop new drugs that help us achieve a healthy weight without serious side effects.
W: How must medical training change to meet the future challenges of health care?
M: To be a good doctor, you have to know a lot of facts. Medical training does a very good job of teaching those facts. But a good doctor also needs to have many other skills : to keep up with an ever-changing body of medical knowledge; to learn how to make decisions such as how to balance the benefits of a test or treatment against its risks; to sense a patient’ s unexpressed fears or misunderstandings, and, above all, to care. It is a lot harder to teach these skills than to give medical students facts to memorize. At our medical school, and at many others, the curriculum is being changed to emphasize such skills.
W: The delivery of health care varies widely in this country, and medical errors cause a lot of unnecessary injury. How, going forward, will doctors be trained in the uniform practice of medicine?
M: Scientific medicine has given us outstanding technologies for diagnosing and treating disease, but doctors and hospitals do not always practice scientific medicine. Sometimes tests or treatments are ordered when their risks exceed their benefits. Other times, tests or treatments are not ordered when scientific studies say they should be. These departures are sometimes justified by a patient’ s wishes or a doctor’ s clinical judgment. Unfortunately, they occur more often because there are no systems in place to monitor practice and maintain quality. We need many more systems to encourage scientific medicine, while leaving room for justified exceptions to the rules.
选项
答案
Obesity
解析
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/ba0D777K
本试题收录于:
公共英语五级笔试题库公共英语(PETS)分类
0
公共英语五级笔试
公共英语(PETS)
相关试题推荐
Asaspecies,humansareincrediblysmart.Ourintelligencecomeswithacuriouscaveat:ourbabiesareamongthedumbest—or,ra
Asaspecies,humansareincrediblysmart.Ourintelligencecomeswithacuriouscaveat:ourbabiesareamongthedumbest—or,ra
Thehumanspecieshasincreaseditslifespanby________.
Thehumanspecieshasincreaseditslifespanby________.
Thehumanspecieshasincreaseditslifespanby________.
Thehumanspecieshasincreaseditslifespanby________.
Thehumanspecieshasincreaseditslifespanby________.
TheGreatLakeswolfisa________,stumpingscientistsastowhetheritisasubspeciesofthegraywolforadistinctspecies.
Ifthestudyprovesthatbearsarestillendemictothearea,theproposaltointroduceadditionalbearsofthesamespecieswil
ThedocumentationofEarth’sbiodiversityiscomplicatedbythe(i)________taxonomists.Thoseexpertsinclassifyingspeciesten
随机试题
肺泡回缩力来自()
下列哪项不是急性,心肌梗死的体征
公共营养密切结合生活实际,其研究对象是
属于阿片受体拮抗剂的药物是
下列属于基金信息披露禁止行为的有()。Ⅰ.基金信息披露义务人应当确保应予披露的基金信息在中国证监会规定时间内披露Ⅱ.虚假记载、误导性陈述或者重大遗漏Ⅲ.诋毁其他基金管理人、基金托管人或者基金销售机构Ⅳ.对证券投资业绩进行预测
最高额抵押权所担保的债权确定的情形包括()。
(1)为全面贯彻落实党的十九大精神,进一步做好新时代广州群防群治工作,中共广州市委政法委、市平安建设促进会和广州市见义勇为基金会准备通过三年时间发动市民群众参与群防群治工作,打造一支拥有80万人的群防群治队伍。这支群防群治队伍统称“广州街坊”。一个人、一
Communicationisthesendingofinformationornewsfromonepersontoanother.Ifhumanbeingscouldnotcommunicatewithonea
马克思说:“立法者应该把自己看做一个自然科学家,他不是在制造法律,不是在发明法律,而仅仅是在表述法律”,下列符合科学立法原则的有()。
Mostpeoplemanagetoreturnfromtheirholidayswithacoupleofamusinganecdotes.Notmanywilladmitthey’vehadabadtime.
最新回复
(
0
)