一个人的生命究竟有多大意义,这有什么标准可以衡量吗?提出一个绝对的标准当然很困难;但是,大体上看一个人对待生命的态度是否严肃认真,看他对待工作、生活的态度如何,也就不难对这个人的存在意义做出适当的估计了。 古来一切有成就的人,都很严肃地对待自己的生

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问题     一个人的生命究竟有多大意义,这有什么标准可以衡量吗?提出一个绝对的标准当然很困难;但是,大体上看一个人对待生命的态度是否严肃认真,看他对待工作、生活的态度如何,也就不难对这个人的存在意义做出适当的估计了。
    古来一切有成就的人,都很严肃地对待自己的生命,当他活着一天,总要尽量多工作、多学习,不肯虚度年华,不让时间白白地浪费掉。我国历代的劳动人民以及大政治家、大思想家等等都莫不如此。

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答案 Is there any standard to evaluate the significance of one’s life? Certainly, it is quite difficult to bring forward such an absolute standard. However, if we, on the whole, could find out whether his attitude towards his life is serious or not and what is his attitude towards his life and work, it would not be that difficult to make an appropriate evaluation of the meaning of one’s life. From the ancient times till now, all accomplished men treat their lives very seriously. As long as they are living, they always work and study as hard as possible, unwilling to dream their life away, let alone waste even a single moment of their lives. Such examples have been set a lot by Chinese laboring people, great statesmen and thinkers of past dynasties.

解析 1.第一段第一句不难理解,但表达成英文就比较困难了。在现实生活中并没有这样一个标准来衡量一个人生命的意义,因此这句话要用虚拟语气才能表示出其确切含义。句中动词“衡量”的宾语为前半句的内容,即衡量生命的意义,比较抽象,可考虑用动词evaluate。
2.第一段第二句是个转折复合句,前半部分“提出一个绝对的标准当然很困难”主语较长,翻译时可用形式主语来代替。仔细分析后半部分“但是,大体上看……,看……,也就不难……”,不难看出这部分含假设之意,可考虑用if来引导从句。此处不宜逐字翻译,比如“大体上”可译为on the whole,如果紧跟在“但是”however后面,感觉会很不地道,由此可考虑将on the whole安排在从句中间。
3.第二段第一句是个长句子,内容复杂,可以采用断句法,分成“古来……对待自己的生命”和“当他……浪费掉”两个句子进行翻译,同时考虑采用非谓语结构使句子简单化。
4.“有成就的人”可译为people with great accomplishment或accomplished people。
5.“当他活着一天……”含有“只要……就……”之意,不宜直接翻译成when…,而是采用as soon as来引导。“虚度年华”可译为dream their life away或spend time in vain。
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