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  3. We’ve been having the wrong discussion about globalization.【F1】For years, we’ve argued over whether this or that industry and it

We’ve been having the wrong discussion about globalization.【F1】For years, we’ve argued over whether this or that industry and it

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问题     We’ve been having the wrong discussion about globalization.【F1】For years, we’ve argued over whether this or that industry and its workers might suffer from imports and whether the social costs were worth the economic gains from foreign products, technologies and investments. By and large, the answer has been "yes." But the truly significant questions about globalization are harder toanswer. Is an increasingly interconnected world economy basically stable? Or does it generate periodic crises that harm everyone and spawn international conflict?
   【F2】Let’s concede that the present U.S. economic slowdown—maybe already a recession—stems mostly from familiar domestic causes: the burst housing "bubble," problematic lending practices and households’ heavy debt burdens. All have depressed housing and consumer spending. Still, global factors, notably high oil and food prices, have aggravated the slump, and there is a general anxiety that we are in the grip of worldwide economic and financial forces that we do not understand and cannot easily control. This sense of foreboding is not unreasonable, and it helps explain the yawning gap between the economy’s actual performance (poor, but not horrific) and mass psychology (almost horrific).
    The good that globalization has done is hard to dispute, though some do.【F3】Trade-driven economic growth and technology transfer have alleviated much human misery, and if present economic trends continue, the worldwide middle class will expand by an additional 2 billion by 2030.  In the U-nited States, imports and foreign competition have raised incomes by 10 percent since World War II, some studies suggest. Job losses, though real, are often exaggerated. In the late 1990s, U.S. trade deficits increased while unemployment fell.
   【F4】But these advances could be halted or reversed by a disorderly global economy, an economy plagued by financial crises, interruptions of crucial supplies (oil, obviously), trade wars or violent business cycles. This is globalization’s Achilles’ heel. Connections among countries have deepened and become more contradictory. Take oil producers.【F5】On one hand, high oil prices hurt advanced countries; but on the other, oil countries have an interest in keeping advanced countries prosperous, because that’s where much surplus oil wealth is invested.
    Today’s global economy baffles experts—corporate executives, bankers, economists—as much as ordinary people. Anyone who says differently is either deluded or dishonest. Countries are growing economically more interdependent and politically more nationalistic. They try to maximize their own advantage rather than make the system work for everyone. Considering how much could go wrong, the record is so far remarkably favorable. Alas, that’s no guarantee for the future.
【F4】
选项
答案然而，金融危机笼罩全球，重要物资供给(最明显的就是石油)被切断，贸易战以及恶性商业周期，这样一个秩序紊乱的全球经济很可能会使这些进步停滞不前，甚至出现倒退。
解析 原句使用的是被动句形式，如果译文仍套用被动形式，就会很僵硬，这时，可考虑使用“化被动为主动”翻译技巧。同位语部分具体说明a disorderly global economy，即说明经济秩序如何紊乱，前面部分是说经济秩序紊乱可能导致的结果。翻译时，应先讲明原因，再得出结果，这样才符合中文的表达。
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