首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
The Aleuts, residing on several islands of the Aleutian Chain, the Pribilof Islands, and the Alaskan Peninsula, have possessed a
The Aleuts, residing on several islands of the Aleutian Chain, the Pribilof Islands, and the Alaskan Peninsula, have possessed a
admin
2011-02-11
30
问题
The Aleuts, residing on several islands of the Aleutian Chain, the Pribilof Islands, and the Alaskan Peninsula, have possessed a written language since 1825, when the Russian missionary Ivan Veniaminov selected appropriate characters of the Cyrillic alphabet to represent Aleut speech sounds, recorded the main body of Aleut vocabulary, and formulated grammatical rules. The Czarist Russian conquest of the proud, independent sea hunters was so devastatingly thorough that tribal traditions, even tribal memories, were almost obliterated. The slaughter of the majority of an adult generation was sufficient to destroy the continuity of tribal knowledge, which was dependent upon oral transmission. As a consequence, the Aleuts developed a fanatical devotion to their language as their only cultural heritage.
The Russian occupation placed a heavy linguistic burden on the Aleuts. Not only were they compelled to learn Russian to converse with their overseers and governors, but they had to learn Old Slavonic to take an active part in church services as well as to master the skill of reading and writing their own tongue. In 1867, when the United States purchased Alaska, the Aleuts were unable to break sharply with their immediate past and substitute English for any one of their three languages.
To communicants of the Russian Orthodox Church a knowledge of Slavonic remained vital, as did Russian, the language in which one conversed with the clergy. The Aleuts came to regard English education as a device to wean them from their religious faith. The introduction of compulsory English schooling caused a minor renascence of Russian culture as the Aleut parents sought to counteract the influence of the schoolroom. The harsh life of the Russian colonial rule began to appear more happy and beautiful in retrospect.
Regulations forbidding instruction in any language other than English increased its unpopularity. The superficial alphabetical resemblance of Russian and Aleut linked the two tongues so closely that every restriction against teaching Russian was interpreted as an attempt to eradicate the Aleut tongue. From the wording of many regulations, it appears the American administrators often had not the slightest idea that the Aleuts were clandestinely reading and writing their own tongue or even had a written language of their own. To too many officials, anything in Cyrillic letters was Russian and something to be stamped out. Bitterness bred by abuses and the exploitations the Aleuts suffered from predatory American traders and adventurers kept alive the Aleut resentment against the language spoken by Americans.
Gradually, despite the failure to emancipate the Aleuts from a sterile past by relating the Aleut and English languages more closely, the passage of years has assuaged the bitter misunderstandings and caused an orientation away from Russian toward English as their second language, but Aleut continues to be the language that molds their thought and expression.
According to the passage, which of the following was the most important reason for the Aleuts’ devotion to their language?
选项
A、Invention of a written version of their language.
B、Introduction of Old Slavonic for worship.
C、Disruption of oral transmission of tribal knowledge.
D、Institution of compulsory English education.
答案
C
解析
这是一道细节题。因为是细节题,有时尽管文字的表达并非与文章的表述完全一致,我们也可从文中找出明显的信息。这个题目的信息就在第一段的最后两句中。俄罗斯人将大多数Aleut的成年人杀害了,所以没有人可以教孩子们Aleut traditions。唯一留下的就是他们小时学到的语言。尽管A的内容在文章中被提到,有一个Russian missionary发明了written form of the Aleut language,但这不是Aleuts热爱他们语言的真正原因。B的内容与文章有一定的关系。我们知道Aleuts学习俄罗斯东正教的Old Slavonic,但这不能说明Aleuts对自己语言的忠诚。D的错误原因与前者相似,其内容发生在Aleuts对其语言的devotion之后。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/bgeO777K
0
专业英语八级
相关试题推荐
Humanmigration:thetermisvague.Whatpeopleusuallythinkofisthepermanentmovementofpeoplefromonehometoanother.M
ScientificandlearnedEnglishisnotmerelyinternationalinusinginternationalwords.Englishisfrequentlyusednationallyf
Values,Characteristics,PersonalHabitsandCourtesiesofAmericansAlthoughAmericanshategeneralizationsandholdaneth
A、Shiftingfromoneprogrammetoanother.B、Workingoutwaystoreducestudentnumber.C、Emphasizingbetterqualityofeducation
A、Neutral.B、Indifferent,C、Negative.D、Positive.D
CharacteristicsofaBureaucracyPeopleusuallyholdnegativeopiniontowardsbureaucracy,butaccordingtoMaxWeber,burea
A、isacknowledgingthatdeathispartoflifeB、ishappythathisenemyfinallydied.C、thinksthatdeathisablessingD、Godis
完善国家计划和财政政策、货币政策等相互配合的宏观调控体系,发挥经济杠杆的调节作用。深化财政、税收、金融和投融资体制改革。完善预算决策和管理制度,加强对财政收支的监督,强化税收征管。稳步推进利率市场化改革,优化金融资源配置,加强金融监管,防范和化解金融风险,
不消说,相识的人数是随了年龄增加的,一个人年龄越大,走过的地方当过的职务越多,相识的人理该越增加了。可是相识的人并不就是朋友。我们和许多人相识,或是因了事务关系,或是因了偶然的机缘——如在别人请客的时候同席吃过饭之类。见面时点头或握手,有事时走访或通信,口
Peopledonotanalyzeeveryproblemtheymeet.Sometimestheytrytorememberasolutionfromthelasttimetheyhadasimilarp
随机试题
下列会计科目,年末应无余额的有()。
在不超过某病的最长潜伏期的时间内,对已经暴露于该病的健康人、家畜的活动进行限制,以保护未曾暴露于该传染病的人群,称之为对于潜伏期较长的传染病的接触者进行紧急预防接种,称之为
A.养心汤B.归脾汤C.真武汤合五苓散D.补阳还五汤合瓜蒌薤白半夏汤E.柏子仁丸妊娠合并心脏病阳虚水泛证的治疗方剂为
可安排在雨期施工路基的地段有()。[2012年10月真题]
在现实的期权交易中,各种期权通常是以高于内在价值的价格买卖的,即使是平价期权或虚值期权,也会以大于零的价格成交,这是因为期权具有( )。
Toremovejammedpaperfromtheprinter,_______liftuptheplasticpanelandpressthebuttonmarked“Jam”.
情绪和情感的联系表现在()。
根据下面材料回答1-5题2012年1—3月份,我国规模以上工业企业资料如下:全国规模以上工业企业实现利润10449亿元,同比下降1.3%。其中:国有及国有控股企业实现利润3172亿元,同比下降12.4%;集体企业实现利润178亿元,同
数据库是在计算机系统中按照一定的数据模型组织、存储和应用的______。
WithextensionworkalreadyunderwayattheCapitalInternationalAirport,planshavebeenunveiledforasecondairportforBei
最新回复
(
0
)