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  3. A scientist who does research in economic psychology and who wants to predict the way in which consumers will spend their money

A scientist who does research in economic psychology and who wants to predict the way in which consumers will spend their money

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问题      A scientist who does research in economic psychology and who wants to predict the way in which consumers will spend their money must study consumer behavior. He must obtain data both on resources of consumers and on the motives that lend to encourage or discourage money spending.
     If an economist were asked which of three groups borrow most—people with rising incomes, stable incomes or declining incomes—he would probable answer: those with declining incomes. Actually, in the years 1947～1950, the answer was: people with rising incomes. People with declining incomes were next and people with stable incomes borrowed the least. This shows us that traditional assumptions about earning and spending are not always reliable. Another traditional assumption is that if people who have money expect prices to go up, they will postpone buying. But research surveys have shown that this is not always true. The expectations of price increases may not stimulate buying. One typical attitude was expressed by the wife of a mechanic in an interview at a time of rising prices, "In a few months," she said, "we’ll have to pay more for meat and milk; we’ll have less to spend on other things." Her family had been planning to buy a new car but they postponed this purchase. Furthermore, the rise in prices that bas already taken place may be resented and buyer’s resistance may be evoked. This is shown by the following typical comment: "I just don’t pay these prices; they are too high."
     The investigations mentioned above were carried out in America. Investigations conducted at the same time in Great Britain, however, yielded results that were more in agreement with traditional assumptions about saving and spending patterns. The condition most conducive to spending appears to be price stability. If prices have been stable and people consider that they are reasonable, they are likely to buy. Thus, it appears that the common business policy of maintaining stable prices is based on a correct understanding of consumer psychology.
The results of the investigations shows that ______.
选项 A、consumers will spend their money quickly if they expect prices to increase
B、the pricing policy should be based on a correct understanding of consumer psychology
C、remaining stable prices is a correct business policy
D、price increase always stimulate people to hasten to buy things
答案B
解析 主旨概括题。从文章最后一句总结句，“因此，常见的维持价格稳定的政策好似基于消费者心理的正确理解”，就可知B选项为正确答案。
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