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  3. 　　A number of factors related to the voice reveal the personality of the speaker. The first is the broad area of communication,

　　A number of factors related to the voice reveal the personality of the speaker. The first is the broad area of communication,

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问题 　　A number of factors related to the voice reveal the personality
of the speaker. The first is the broad area of communication,
which include imparting information by use of language,                   【M1】_________
communicating with a group or an individual, and specialized
communication through performance. A person conveys
thoughts and ideas through choice of words, by a tone of sound            【M2】_________
that is pleasant or unpleasant, by the rhythm that is inherent within
the language itself, and finally, the pitch and melody of                 【M3】_________
the utterance. When speaking before a group, a person’s tone
may indicate unsureness or fright, confidence or calm. At
interpersonal levels, the tone may reflect ideas and feelings
over and above the words that chosen, or may belie them. Public           【M4】_________
performance is a manner of communication high specialized with            【M5】_________
its own technologies for obtaining effects by voice and/or gesture.       【M6】_________
The motivation deriving from the text, in combination with the            【M7】_________
performer’s skills, personality, and ability to create
empathy will determine the success of artistic, political,
or pedagogic communication.
　　Second, the voice gives psychological clues on a person’s             【M8】_________
self-image, perception of others, and emotional health.
Self-image can be indicated by a tone of voice that is confident,
pretentious, shy, aggressive, or exuberant, just name only a             【M9】_________
few personality traits. Yet the sound may indicate the facade or         【M10】_________
mask of that person, for example, a shy person hiding behind an
overconfident front.
【M3】
选项
答案在the pitch前加by。
解析 这里考察的是由by引导的平行结构。
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