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  3. Of all the components of a good night’ s sleep, dreams seem to be least within our control. In dreams, a window opens into a wor

Of all the components of a good night’ s sleep, dreams seem to be least within our control. In dreams, a window opens into a wor

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问题     Of all the components of a good night’ s sleep, dreams seem to be least within our control. In dreams, a window opens into a world where logic is suspended and dead people speak. A century ago, Freud formulated his revolutionary theory that dreams were the disguised shadows of our unconscious desires and fears; by the late 1970s, neurologists had switched to thinking of them as just "mental noise" — the random byproducts of the neural-repair work that goes on during sleep.
    Now researchers suspect that dreams are part of the mind’s emotional thermostat, regulating moods while the brain is "off-line". And one leading authority says that these intensely powerful mental events can be not only harnessed but actually brought under conscious control, to help us sleep and feel better, "It’s your dream, " says Rosalind Cartwright, chair of psychology at Chicago’ s Medical Center. "If you don’t like it, change it. "
    Evidence from brain imaging supports this view. The brain is as active during REM(rapid eye movement)sleep — when most vivid dreams occur — as it is when fully awake, says Dr, Eric Nofzinger at the University of Pittsburgh. But not all parts of the brain are equally involved; the limbic system(the "emotional brain")is especially active, while the prefrontal cortex(the center of intellect and reasoning)is relatively quiet. "We wake up from dreams happy or depressed, and those feelings can stay with us all day. " says Stanford sleep researcher Dr. William Dement.
    The link between dreams and emotions shows up among the patients in Cartwright’ s clinic. Most people seem to have more bad dreams early in the night, progressing toward happier ones before awakening, suggesting that they are working through negative feelings generated during the day. Because our conscious mind is occupied with daily life we don’t always think about the emotional significance of the day’ s events — until, it appears, we begin to dream.
    And this process need not be left to the unconscious. Cartwright believes one can exercise conscious control over recurring bad dreams. As soon as you awaken, identify what is upsetting about the dream. Visualize how you would like it to end instead; the next time it occurs, try to wake up just enough to control its course. With much practice people can learn to, literally, do it in their sleep.
    At the end of the day, there’s probably little reason to pay attention to our dreams at all unless they keep us from sleeping or "we wake up in a panic, " Cartwright says. Terrorism, economic uncertainties and general feelings of insecurity have increased people’s anxiety. Those suffering from persistent nightmares should seek help from a therapist. For the rest of us, the brain has its ways of working through bad feelings. Sleep — or rather dream — on it and you’ll feel better in the morning.  
What advice might Cartwright give to those who sometimes have bad dreams?
选项 A、Lead your life as usual.
B、Seek professional help.
C、Exercise conscious control.
D、Avoid anxiety in the daytime.
答案A
解析 推理判断题。第五段论述了卡特赖特对长期遭受噩梦和偶尔做噩梦的人提出了不同的建议。题干问的是“有时做噩梦的人”，应属于文中“其他人”的范围，故A为正确答案。B张冠李戴，将第五段第三句中对“长期受噩梦折磨者”的建议说成是对“有时做梦的人”的建议。C反向干扰，将第四段第二句中Cartwright的观点说成是她对有时做梦的人的建议，它与第五段第五句“对其他人来说，大脑有自动消除不良情绪”的观点不一致。D是利用第五段②句的关键词anxiety设置的无关干扰。
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