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  3. Sidney Milkis is part of the Miller Center of Public Affairs at the University of Virginia. He and others at the Miller Center a

Sidney Milkis is part of the Miller Center of Public Affairs at the University of Virginia. He and others at the Miller Center a

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问题     Sidney Milkis is part of the Miller Center of Public Affairs at the University of Virginia. He and others at the Miller Center are specialists on U. S. political history. Milkis says that, when it was created in the late 1700s, the U. S. presidency was unlike any other position in world history. "For thousands of years before the American Constitution people thought a strong executive power and a democracy—what Jefferson called self-government—were incompatible. Because how could a sovereign people delegate tremendous responsibility to one individual and still consider itself a democracy, even a representative democracy?" In other words, the idea of giving a lot of power to one person made sense—if the country were a monarchy and ruled by a king or queen. And giving a lot of power to an elected group in a legislature made sense—if the country were a democracy, and voters elected representatives.
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答案 西德尼.米尔吉斯是弗吉尼亚大学米勒公共事务中心的成员。他和米勒中心的其他人都是美国政治史方面的专家。米尔吉斯说，当美国总统一职在18世纪末创立时，它与世界历史上任何其他职位都不一样。“在美国宪法颁布之前的几千年里，人们认为强大的行政权力和民主——杰斐逊所谓的自治——是不相容的。因为一个拥有主权的民族怎么可能将重大责任委托给一个人，同时仍然认为自己的国家是一个民主国家，甚至是代议制民主国家?”换句话说，如果一个国家是由国王或王后统治的君主制国家，那么把大量权力交给一个人的想法是有道理的。如果这个国家是一个民主国家，并且由选民选出代表，那么在立法机关中赋予一个民选团体很大的权力是有道理的。
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