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  3. Intelligence quotients (IQs) testing is controversial and regarded by some as a crude indicator of ability or potential. When co

Intelligence quotients (IQs) testing is controversial and regarded by some as a crude indicator of ability or potential. When co

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问题     Intelligence quotients (IQs) testing is controversial and regarded by some as a crude indicator of ability or potential. When comparing nations, measured average IQ tends to be affected by class, nutrition, and cultural factors including education. There is also disagreement over the influences of nature and nurture.
    IQs have risen in developed nations for almost a century. But in Britain, research has found a reversal of this trend. The average had declined by two points on average, but by as much as six points among teenagers in the top half of the IQ scale, a fall that wiped out the previous two decades of gains in that group.
    No cause for this fall in IQs has been established: the internet, the dumbing down of education, and an obsession with exam results have been suggested. Flynn has argued that youth culture has made a contribution.
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答案 人们对智商测试颇有争议，有人将其视为个人能力和潜能的粗略衡量指标。各个国家相比而言，测试得到的平均智商水平往往受到阶层、营养状况以及教育等文化因素的影响。人们对先天条件和后天教育培养的影响也存在分歧。 近一个世纪以来，发达国家的智商水平持续上升。然而研究表明，英国的这种趋势出现了逆转。智商平均值平均下降了2％，但智商水平居前50％的青少年中，降幅高达6％，这一衰退让该群体在过去20年间的进步付之东流。 智商倒退的原因尚无定论，有舆论提出互联网、教育的低智化以及对考试成绩的过度重视或许难辞其咎。福林指出，青年文化对此已有所影响。
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