首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Eating when you’re not hungry—especially high-calorie, high-fat foods—may not always rise to the newly broadened clinical defini
Eating when you’re not hungry—especially high-calorie, high-fat foods—may not always rise to the newly broadened clinical defini
admin
2015-05-24
19
问题
Eating when you’re not hungry—especially high-calorie, high-fat foods—may not always rise to the newly broadened clinical definition of an eating disorder. But the behavior that for many Americans is a routine pastime certainly contributes to excess weight gain, with its implications for health. And it is considered "disordered eating" by most mental health professionals.
A study published Thursday in the journal Science adds to evidence that binge eating—and overeating generally may have a biological basis. The new research, conducted on mice, suggests a target in the brain that drug developers should consider in exploring treatments for such disordered eating.
Not surprisingly, researchers focused their attention on the hypothalamus, one of the brain’s most primitive structures, a key node in the brain circuitry that drives us to eat and drink, to seek out sexual partners, and generally to crave more of what makes us feel good. From its seat in the brain’s deepest recesses, the lateral hypothalamus is lashed up to the amygdala, where basic, powerful emotions such as fear, anger and love are processed.
As part of the limbic system, these structures evolved early in the rise of mammals to ensure that the necessities for survival and reproduction got top billing in behavior.
In the 1960s, neuroscientists electrically stimulated the lateral hypothalamus and saw that it played a key role in feeding behavior, and in the reinforcement of feeding behavior. But how it did that remained a mystery.
To explore how the lateral hypothalamus governs eating behavior, a group of researchers from the University of North Carolina used mice and a relatively new technique: To discern how certain cells work, they genetically engineered the cells to respond to light; then, they turned those cells on and off, essentially, with a miniature flashlight, and watched the resulting behavior.
The researchers applied the on-off treatment to a group of cells in the amygdala and their projections into the lateral hypothalamus. They hypothesized that the cells, called the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis, interact with the hypothalamus to regulate eating.
Sure enough, when they "turned on" these unique cells in mice who were well fed, the result was rapid and striking: The animals immediately launched into "voracious feeding behavior". And the mice clearly enjoyed the impulse to pig out: They showed a clear preference for being in the space they associated with having the cells turned on.
Moreover, given the choice, the animals made a beeline to high-fat, high-calorie foods.
The trick worked more dramatically when the mice’s food was restricted and they were then allowed to eat at will. But even when the mice were well fed, those with the targeted cells turned on continued to eat well after they would have been filled up.
Research has suggested that stress, genes and environmental factors, such as the ubiquity of high-calorie, high-fat foods, all may trigger overeating. But if future therapies aim to fortify the vulnerable against those triggers, they might well focus on the special cells targeted here, the researchers said.
Overeating is considered as "disordered eating" by
选项
A、most doctors.
B、mental health professionals.
C、American people.
D、drug developers.
答案
B
解析
细节题。由题干定位至第一段最后一句“And it is considered‘disordered eating’by most mentalhealth professionals.”,这被大部分精神健康专家认为是一种饮食失调,选项[B]表达的意思与此一致,因而[B]为答案。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/cROO777K
0
专业英语八级
相关试题推荐
TheAmericanWay:FreedomTheheartoftheAmericancalendarisJuly4Americanshavecelebrat-ed-thisdateas"Independence
Thesoundsintheproductionofwhichthereisanobstructionoftheair-streamatSomepointthevocaltractarecalled
Whichofthefollowingiscorrectconcerninglangueandparole?
HowtoPresentaSeminarPaperToinvolvetheirstudentsmoreactivelyinthelearningprocess,manyuniversityteachersusua
Beguninthelate1960sbyPentagonweaponsresearchersasasystemforeasingcommunicationbetweencomputersindisparateelec
_____isthesecondlargestcountryintheworld.
Revisionisrethinking,buttwomisconceptionsarebynomeansuncommonamongwriters,especiallyamongdevelopingwriters.Firs
TheDeclarationofIndependencewasadoptedbytheSecondContinentalCongressonJuly4,
AmongthefourmaximsintroducedbyGrice,whichonemeansthatinconversationweshouldbeasinformativeasrequired?
随机试题
肝性脑病的产生机制有
近端小管和哪种结构直接相连
在国外,抑制垄断最为常用的手段是()。
从人才需求推动行业发展的角度看,个人理财业务的发展有以下原因作为支持,下列说法错误的是()。
以下有关专家胜任能力、专业素质和客观性相关的说法中,正确的是()。
社会策划模式中,评估需要的主要方法有()。
通过集体进行教育时,特别要着眼于提高学生()的能力,形成是非观念与是非感。
下列表述不属于法的原则的是()。
甲、乙签订耕牛租赁合同,甲将耕牛租给乙。在租赁期限内,甲、乙又达成耕牛买卖合同,约定甲将耕牛卖给乙,则耕牛的交付方式为()。
Whataretheygoingtodo?
最新回复
(
0
)