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  3. The United States court system, as part of the federal system of government, is characterized by dual hierarchies: there are bot

The United States court system, as part of the federal system of government, is characterized by dual hierarchies: there are bot

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问题    The United States court system, as part of the federal system of government, is characterized by dual hierarchies: there are both state and federal courts. Each state has its own system of courts, composed of civil and criminal trial courts, sometimes intermediate courts of appeal, and a state supreme court. The federal court system consists of a series of trial courts(called district courts)serving relatively small geographic regions(There is at least one for every state), a tier of circuit courts of appeal that hear appeals from many district counts in a particular geographic region, and the Supreme Court of the United States. The two court systems are to some extent overlapping, in that certain kinds of disputes (such as a claim that a state law is in violation of the Constitution)may be initiated in either system. They are also to some extent hierarchical, for the federal system stands above the state sys- tem in that litigants (persons engaged in lawsuits )who lose their cases in the state supreme courts may appeal their cases to the Supreme Court of the United States.
   Thus, the typical court case begins in a trail count—a court of general jurisdiction—in the state or federal system. Most cases go to further than the trial court; for example, the criminal defendant is convicted (by a trial or a guilty plea)and sentenced by the court and the case ends; the personal injury suit results in a judgment by a trail court (or an out-of-court settlement by the parties while the court suit is pending)and the parties leave the court sys- tem. But sometimes the losing party at the trial court cares enough about the cause that the matter does not end there. In these cases, the "loser" at the trial court may appeal to the next higher court.
The passage indicates that litigants who lose their cases in the state trial court may take them to a______.
选项 A、different trial court in the same state
B、court in a different geographic region
C、federal trial court
D、state supreme court
答案D
解析 本文指出诉讼当事人，在州的审判法庭败诉，可再到州的高等法院。其他含义为[A] 同一州不同审判法庭；[B]不同地理区的法院；[C]联邦审判法庭。
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