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  3. The settlement of the United States has occupied traditional historians since 1893 when Frederick Jackson Turner developed his F

The settlement of the United States has occupied traditional historians since 1893 when Frederick Jackson Turner developed his F

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问题     The settlement of the United States has occupied traditional historians since 1893 when Frederick Jackson Turner developed his Frontier Thesis, a thesis that explained American development in terms of westward expansion. From the perspective of women’ s history, Turner’ s exclusively masculine assumptions constitute a major drawback: his defenders and critics alike have reconstructed men’ s, not women’ s, lives on the frontier. However, precisely because of this masculine orientation, revising the Frontier Thesis by focusing on women’s experience introduces new themes into women’ s history—woman as lawmaker and entrepreneui—and, consequently, new interpretations of women’s relationship to capital, labor, and statute.
    Turner claimed that the frontier produced the individualism that is the hallmark of American culture, and that this individualism in turn promoted democratic institutions and economic equality. He argued for the frontier as an agent of social change. Most novelists and historians writing in the early to mid-twentieth century who considered women in the West, when they considered women at all, fell under Turner’ s spell. In their works these authors tended to glorify women’ s contributions to frontier life. Western women, in Turnerian tradition, were a fiercely independent, capable, and durable lot, free from the constraints binding their eastern sisters. This interpretation implied that the West provided a congenial environment where women could aspire to their own goals, free from constrictive stereotypes and sexist attitudes. In Turnerian terminology, the frontier had furnished " a gate of escape from the bondage of the past. "
    By the middle of the twentieth century, the Frontier Thesis fell into disfavor among historians. Later, Reactionist writers took the view that fron- tier women were lonely, displaced persons in a hostile milieu that intensified the worst aspects of gender relations. The renaissance of the feminist movement during the 1970’s led to the Sta- sist school, which sidestepped the good bad dichotomy and argued that frontier women lived lives similar to the live of women in the East. In one now-standard text, Faragher demonstrated the persistence of the "cult of true womanhood" and the illusionary quality of change on the westward journey. Recently the Stasist position has been revised but not entirely discounted by new research.
Which of the following is true of the Sta-sist school as it is described in the passage?
选项 A、It provides new interpretations of women’ s relationship to work and the law.
B、It resolves some of the ambiguities inherent in Turnerian and Reactionist thought.
C、It has recently been discounted by new research gathered on women ’ s experience.
D、It avoids extreme positions taken by other writers on women’s history.
E、It was the first school of thought to suggest substantial revisions to the Frontier Thesis.
答案D
解析 哪一个符合文中对平衡学派的描写?A．文中未提出观点“提供了妇女和工作、法律关系的新解释”。B．解决了Turner和其反对者理论中一些模棱两可现象。无。C．最近被新研究否定。在文中最后叙述正相反。D．正确。它避免了其他人关于妇女历史的极端观点。E．“first school”文中推不出。
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