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  3. We often think of drawing as something that takes inborn talent, but this kind of thinking stems from our misclassification of d

We often think of drawing as something that takes inborn talent, but this kind of thinking stems from our misclassification of d

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问题     We often think of drawing as something that takes inborn talent, but this kind of thinking stems from our misclassification of drawing as, primarily, an art form rather than a tool for learning.
    Researchers, teachers, and artists are starting to see how drawing can positively impact a wide variety of skills and disciplines.
    Most of us have spent some time drawing before, but at some point, most of us stop drawing. There are people who don’t, obviously, and thank god for that: a world without designers and artists would be a very shabby one indeed.
    Some argue that so many adults have abandoned drawing because we’ve miscategorized it and given it a very narrow definition. In his book, Stick Figures: Drawing as a Human Practice, Professor D. B. Dowd argues that we have misfiled the significance of drawing because we see it as a professional skill instead of a personal capacity. We mistakenly think of "good" drawings as those which work as recreations of the real world, as realistic illusions. Rather, drawing should be recategorized as a symbolic tool.
    Human beings have been drawing for 73,000 years. It’s part of what it means to be human. We don’t have the strength of chimpanzees (大猩猩) because we’ve given up animal strength to manipulate subtle instruments, like hammers, spears, and—later—pens and pencils. The human hand is an extremely dense network of nerve endings. In many ways, human beings are built to draw.
    Some researchers argue that doodling (涂画) activates the brain’s so-called default circuit— essentially, the areas of the brain responsible for maintaining a baseline level of activity in the absence of other stimuli. Because of this, some believe that doodling during a boring lecture can help students pay attention. In one study, participants were asked to listen to a list of names while either doodling or sitting still. Those who doodled remembered 29 percent more of the names than those who did not.
    There’s also evidence that drawing talent is based on how accurately someone perceives the world. The human visual system tends to misjudge size, shape, color, and angles but artists perceive these qualities more accurately than non-artists. Cultivating drawing talent can become an essential tool to improve people’s observational skills in fields where the visual is important.
    Rather than think of drawing as a talent that some creative people are gifted in, we should consider it as a tool for seeing and understanding the world better—one that just so happens to double as an art form. Both absent-minded doodling and copying from life have been shown to positively affect your memory and visual perception, so complain loudly the next time your school board slashes the art department’s budget.
What does Professor D. B. Dowd argue in his book?
选项 A、Everybody is born with the capacity to draw.
B、Drawing is a skill that requires special training.
C、The value of drawing tends to be overestimated.
D、Drawing should be redefined as a realistic illusion.
答案A
解析 由题干中Professor D.B.Dowd和in his book定位到第四段第二句。细节理解题。文章第四段第二句指出，D.B.多德教授在他的书中指出，我们应该把绘画视为个人能力，而不是专业技能，而第五段最后一句指出，从许多方面而言，人类生来就是画画的。综合两处信息可知，绘画是每个人生来就具备的能力，故答案为A) 。根据第四段第二句，将绘画视为专业技能的看法是D.B.多德教授所反对的，故排除B) ；原文只提到绘画分类错误，且被下了狭隘的定义，而不是价值被高估，故排除C) ；根据第四段倒数第二句，D.B.多德教授认为，将绘画视为现实的幻觉是我们错误的看法，可见D) 项与他的观点相悖，故排除。
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