首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
考研
In the following text, some sentences have been removed. For Questions 41-45, choose the most suitable one from the list (A、B、C、
In the following text, some sentences have been removed. For Questions 41-45, choose the most suitable one from the list (A、B、C、
admin
2010-09-06
87
问题
In the following text, some sentences have been removed. For Questions 41-45, choose the most suitable one from the list (A、B、C、D、E、F、G……) to fit into each of the numbered blank. There are several extra choices, which do not fit in any of the gaps. (10 points)
Nonverbal communication is hugely important: in any interaction with others; its importance is multiplied across cultures. This is because we tend to look for nonverbal cues when verbal messages are unclear or ambiguous, as they are more likely to be across cultures. (41)______.
Low-context cultures like the United States and Canada tend to give relatively less emphasis to nonverbal communication. This does not mean that nonverbal communication does not happen, or that it is unimportant, but that people in these settings tend to place less importance on it than on the literal meanings of words themselves. In high-context settings such as Japan or Colombia, understanding the nonverbal components of communication is relatively more important to receiving the intended meaning of the communication as a whole.
(42)______. For instance, it may be more socially acceptable in some settings in the United States for women to show fear, but not anger, and for men to display anger, but not fear. At the same time, interpretation of facial expressions across cultures is difficult. In China and Japan, for example, a facial expression that would be recognized around the world as conveying happiness may actually express anger or mask sadness, both of which are unacceptable to show overtly.
(43)______. For a Westerner who understands smiles to mean friendliness and happiness, this smile may seem out of place and even cold, under the circumstances. Even though some facial expressions may be similar across cultures, their interpretations remain culture specific. It is important to understand something about cultural starting-points and values in order to interpret emotions expressed in cross-cultural interactions.
(44)______. In a comparison of North American and French children on a beach, a researcher noticed that the French children tended to stay in a relatively small space near their parents, while US children ranged up and down a large area of the beach.
(45)______.
These examples of differences related to nonverbal communication are only the tip of the iceberg. Careful observation, ongoing study from a variety of sources, and cultivating relationships across cultures will all help develop the cultural fluency to work effectively with nonverbal communication differences.
A. These differences of interpretation may lead to conflict. Suppose a Japanese person is explaining her absence from negotiations due to a death in her family. She may do so with a smile, based on her cultural belief that it is not appropriate to inflict the pain of grief on others.
B. Another variable across cultures has to do with ways of relating to space. Crossing cultures, we encounter very different ideas about polite space for conversations and negotiations. North Americans tend to prefer a large amount of space, perhaps because they are surrounded by it in their homes and countryside. Europeans tend to stand more closely with each other when talking, and are accustomed to smaller personal spaces.
C. Americans are serious about standing in lines, in accordance with their beliefs in democracy and the principle of "first come, first served". The French, on the other hand, have a practice of line jumping, that irritates many British and US Americans.
D. Since nonverbal behavior arises from our cultural common sense, we use different systems of understanding gestures, posture, silence, spatial relations, emotional expression, touch, physical appearance, and other nonverbal cues. Cultures also attribute different degrees of importance to verbal and nonverbal behavior.
E. The difference with space preferences is not that they exist, but the judgments that get attached to them. If someone is accustomed to standing or sitting very close when they are talking with another, they may see the other’s attempt to create more space as evidence of coldness, or a lack of interest.
F. It is said that a German executive working in the United States became so upset with visitors to his office moving the guest chair to suit themselves that he had it bolted to the floor.
G. Some elements of nonverbal communication are consistent across cultures. For example, research has shown that the emotions of enjoyment, anger, fear, sadness, disgust, and surprise are expressed in similar ways by people around the world. Differences surface with respect to which emotions are acceptable to display in various cultural settings, and by whom.
选项
答案
D
解析
因为非语言行为产生于我们的文化常识,所以我们使用各自不同的方式来理解手势、站姿、沉默、空间关系、情绪的表达、触摸、长相和其他线索。文化也赋予不同的语言和非语言行为不同程度的重要性。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/coZ4777K
0
考研英语一
相关试题推荐
ThisweektheNewCommissionontheSkillsoftheAmericanWorkforcereleasesablueprintforrethinkingAmericaneducationtob
ThisweektheNewCommissionontheSkillsoftheAmericanWorkforcereleasesablueprintforrethinkingAmericaneducationtob
Entirecitiesandcountieshavebannedthem.McDonald’sandKFChavedeclaredtogivethemup—ashaveStarbucks,RubyTuesday,a
Throughouttheyears,musichasbeenacommonthreadthatunitesgenerationsandhadprovidedsocialcommentary,individualexpr
Writeanessaybasedonthefollowingpicture.Inyourwriting,youshould1)describethepicturebriefly,2)interpretthesoc
WhichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtoParagraph1?Thewriter’sexperimentshowsthatdownshifting______.
Symposiumtalkswillcover(awiderange)ofsubjects(from)overfishingtophysicaland(environment)factorsthataffectthe(
By"MiucciaPradawasobviouslybitinghernails"(Paragraph1),theauthormeans______.Whenmentioning"double-digitgrowth"
Theauthorassertsthatremedyingtheearthatmospherewilldependuponothermeasuresthan______.Intheeyesofthewriter,
随机试题
患者足下垂,不能背屈,考虑损伤的神经为()
关于婴儿上感的特点,错误的是
高层建筑转换层的结构设计。下列何种说法是不正确的?[2001年第97题]
《国家环保总局关于推进循环经济发展的指导意见》也明确提出,要()。因此,在环境影响评价中开展“清洁生产分析和循环经济”评价内容非常必要。
机场停机坪用作接送旅客的30座客车
反映了某公司股权价值相对其净利润的倍数的是()。
下列关于行政复议证据的说法,正确的有()。
在存在不确定因素的情况下,下列做法中符合谨慎性要求的有()。
旅游安全管理工作应遵循“统一指导,分级管理,以预防为主”的原则。()
下列各项中属于法产生的标志的是()。
最新回复
(
0
)