首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
The case of Janet Tracey who died in Addenbrooke’s hospital after family claims that a "do not resuscitate" order was put in her
The case of Janet Tracey who died in Addenbrooke’s hospital after family claims that a "do not resuscitate" order was put in her
admin
2014-09-09
77
问题
The case of Janet Tracey who died in Addenbrooke’s hospital after family claims that a "do not resuscitate" order was put in her medical notes will, no doubt, encourage health managers to check how well staff and patients are acquainted with the use of such orders. They have been given official notice to do so before. In 2000, the Department of Health in England reminded local trusts they must have appropriate policies. This followed warnings from doctors that junior staff lacked proper guidance and training and from the charity Age Concern that older people were being written off.
Cardiopulmonary resuscitation(CPR)attempts to restore breathing or blood flow to those whose heart has stopped beating or who have stopped breathing. But while TV medical dramas may suggest it is often successful, statistics tell another story. Only 15~20% who have such treatment ever go home, according to the British Medical Association(BMA), which offers professional guidance on when Do not attempt Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation(DNACPR)orders should be prepared. Rib fractures and brain injury are significant risks, says the NHS’s policy guidance in Scotland while its leaflet for patients, relatives and carers says: "Most patients never get back the physical or mental health they had before they were resuscitated. Some have brain damage or go into a coma. "
In an era when nearly 7 in 10 people die in hospital—and most have "do not resuscitate" orders—there is increasing pressure for more mentally competent adult patients to help plan towards the end of their lives. Adults can legally refuse medical treatment, even if that leads to their death. But the medical profession is also clear that doctors cannot be required to give treatment against their clinical judgment, although they should offer patients the chance of a second opinion, if possible. The General Medical Council(GMC)last year said there was no absolute obligation to prolong life.
In 2005, it won a case on appeal brought by Leslie Burke who had a degenerative brain condition. He had claimed a legal right to artificial nutrition and hydration, come what may, rather than give doctors the ultimate say. The GMC said the ruling meant that doctors had no legal or ethical obligation to agree to a patient’s request. The Scottish government is blunt on the issue. Its patient information leaflet says that while the healthcare team "must listen to your opinions and to anybody you want involved. .. you cannot demand treatment that will not work". In England, where successive governments have trumpeted a mantra of patient choice, Andrew Lansley, the health secretary, has stopped short of a national policy. He told the Guardian: "Our end of life care strategy commended the joint statement by the BMA, RON and the Resuscitation Council as a basis for local policy-making. "
Yet a number of soon-to-be abolished strategic health authorities in England want to harmonise policies across local care settings. In the words of Mike Richards, the government’s end-of-life czar, this "will minimise future problems with cross-boundary working by encouraging a consistent—or at least compatible—approach nationwide". A draft East Midlands document, for instance, says that there should be sensitive discussion with patients who want to insist on resuscitation in an attempt "to secure their understanding and acceptance of the DNACPR decision". It adds: "Although individuals do not have the right to demand that doctors carry out treatment against their clinical judgment, the person’s wishes to receive treatment should be respected wherever possible".
It will be April 2013 before the recently published regional policy in the East of England, where Addenbrooke’s is based, is fully implemented in all its trusts. It says that when a "do not resuscitate" decision has been made: "Opportunities to sensitively inform patients and relevant others should be sought unless it is judged that the burden of such a discussion would outweigh the possible benefit for the patient. " It also says that "where death is unavoidable,[a patient]should be allowed to die a natural death and it may not be appropriate in these circumstances to discuss a DNACPR decision".
NHS Scotland made quite clear why it had adopted a national policy last year. "The increased movement of patients and staff between different care settings makes a consistent approach to this complex and crucial area a necessity," it said. Local variations could cause misunderstandings and lead to distressing incidents for patients, families and staff. Vivienne Nathanson, director of professional activities at the BMA and a fellow of the Royal College of Physicians, said it would be helpful for there to be a national policy in England.
She said: "Clinicians do not want to do things that are futile. They know when[CPR]can’t make a difference. All it may do is reinstitute sensation. You don’t want to do something that gets a little way but will not succeed. For a lot of doctors, this is instituting a lack of dignity, doing something because you can rather than because it will make a difference. " Nathanson said decisions not to resuscitate had to be made case by case. "There is no way of saying ’the following types of patient will not be resuscitated’. "
Communication was vital and all hospitals should have leaflets to help discussions with relatives. "There is very good research that when you tell people bad news, they don’t remember all of it. " Families of mentally competent adult patients had "no right to anything in law but in practice, we always try to talk to the family".
Explain the sentence "But while TV medical dramas may suggest it is often successful, statistics tell another story, "(para. 2)
选项
答案
the author was trying to tell us the great gap between what the TV medical dramas tell us about the results of CPR practice and the actual results of such medical treatment/TV programs suggesting the treatment "often successful", statistics tell "another story",/only 15-20% of those who have CPR treatment have recovered health and "go home"/most patients never get back the physical or mental health they had before/some with more severe consequences
解析
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/dFSO777K
本试题收录于:
NAETI高级口译笔试题库外语翻译证书(NAETI)分类
0
NAETI高级口译笔试
外语翻译证书(NAETI)
相关试题推荐
Consideringtheageandhisfamily’spoorlivingconditionsandenvironments,hewasnotpunishedbythepoliceasheshouldhav
Throughreceivingfinancialsupportfromfamily,communityorthegovernment,isallowed,itisneveradmired.
ThisweektheBBC________FamilyWanted—acampaigntoraiseawarenessofadoptionandfostering.
WorldWaterShortageAnewstudywarnsthataboutthirtypercentoftheworld’speoplemaynothaveenoughwaterbytheyear
Theboysinthefamilyareoldenoughfor________.
Hispelvisfracturedandbackbroken,he’dbeenhospitalizedforeighteenmonths,andwasundergoingfinaltherapy.
OneofthemostdisturbingstatisticsI’vereadforalongtimewaspublishedthisweek.TheWorkFoundationclaimsthatjobsat
随机试题
我国公民在我国领域之外犯我国刑法规定之罪的,原则上适用我国刑法,但按照我国刑法规定,可以不予追究的是()
简述全球价格战略的种类。
根据抗原抗体反应的特点,以下哪种说法是正确的
患者,男,10岁,有性早熟的临床表现,松果体区及鞍上见直径1.5~2.5cm病灶,为等T1等T2,注射Cd-DTPA后病灶明显强化该病变可能为
需摄取腕关节尺偏位——腕部外展正位的是
在工资系统中,通过自动转账生成机制凭证,实现与账务系统的数据传递。()
根据公司法律制度的规定,公司可以设立子公司,子公司()。
阅读下面材料,回答127~130题。材料一:中国古代思想家说:“夫君者舟也,庶人者水也,水所以载舟,亦所以覆舟。”“乐民之乐者,民亦乐其乐;忧民之忧者,民亦忧其忧。乐以天下,忧以天下,然而不王者,未之有也。”材料二:十六大政治报告指出:
一、注意事项1.《申论》考试,与传统作文考试不同,是对分析驾驭材料的能力与对表达能力并重的考试。2.作答参考时限:阅读资料40分钟,作答110分钟。3.仔细阅读给定的资料,然后按“申论要求”依次作答。二、给定资料1.保护农
下列关于数据库三级模式结构的叙述中,哪一个是不正确的?
最新回复
(
0
)