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  3. The Last Supper is a late 1 5 th—century mural painting by Leonardo da Vinci in the refectory of the Convent of Santa Maria dell

The Last Supper is a late 1 5 th—century mural painting by Leonardo da Vinci in the refectory of the Convent of Santa Maria dell

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问题 The Last Supper is a late 1 5 th—century mural painting by Leonardo da Vinci in the refectory of the Convent of Santa Maria della Grazie，Milan．The work is presumed to have been commenced around 1 495 and was commissioned as part of a scheme of renovations to the church and its convent buildings by Leonardo’s patron Ludovico Sforza，Duke of Milan．The painting represents the scene of The Last Supper of Jesus with his disciples，as it is told in the Gospel of John．Leonardo has depicted the consternation that occurred among the Twelve Disciples when Jesus announced that one of them would betray him．The Last Supper measures 460cm×880cm and covers an end wall 0f the dining hall at the monastery of Santa Maria delle Grazie in Milan，Italy．The theme was a traditional one for refectories，although the room was not a refectory at the time that Leonardo painted it．The main church building had only recently been completed(in 1 498)，but was remodeled by Braman’te，hired by Ludovico Sforza to build a Sforza family mausoleum．The painting was commissioned by  Sforza to be the centerpiece of the mausoleum．The lunettes above the main painting，formed by the  triple arched ceiling of the refectory，are painted with Sforza coats—of-arms．The opposite wall of the  refectory is covered by the Crucifixionfresco by Giovanni Donato da Montorfano，to which Leonardo  added figures of the Sforza family in tempera
  Leonardo began work on The Last Supper in 1495 and completed it in 1498一he did not work on  the painting continuously．The beginning date is not certain；as the archives of the convent for the  period have been destroyed and a document dated 1 497 indicates that the painting was nearly conpleted at that date ne story goes that a prior from the monastery complained to Leonardo about the  delay，enraging him．He wrote to the head of the monastery，explaining he had been struggling to  find the perfect villainous face for Judas，and that if he could not find a face corresponding with what  he had in mind，he would use the features of the prior who complained.
In common with other depictions of The Last Supper from this period，Leonardo seats the diners  on one side of the table，so that none of them have their backs to the viewer．Most previous depictions excluded Judas by placing him alone on the opposite side of the table from the other eleven dis。ciples and Jesus or placing halos around all the disciples except Judas．Leonardo instead has Judas  lean back into shadow．Jesus is predicting that his betrayer will take the bread at the same time he  does to Saints Thomas and James to his left．who react in horror as Jesus points with his left hand to a piece of bread before them．Distracted by the conversation between John and Peter，Judas reaches for a different piece of bread not noticing Jesus too stretching out with his right hand towards it．The angles and lighting draw attention to Jesus，whose head is located at the vanishing point for all perspective lines．The painting contains several references to the number 3，which represents the Christian belief in the Holy Trinity．The Apostles are seated in groupings of three；there are three windows behind Jesus：and the shape of Jesus’figure resembles a triangle There may have been other references that have since been lost as the painting deteriorated.
In common with other depictions of The Last Supper from this period，Leonardo seats the diners on one side of the table，so that__________．
选项 A、his betrayer will take the bread at the same time
B、the disciples can talk to each other more easily
C、none of them have their backs to the viewer
D、they can see each other more clearly
答案C
解析 由第三段第一句话可知，达.芬奇将画中的人物放到一边是为了保证没有人是背对着画外的欣赏者的，所以C项正确。
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