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  3. Scientists are unearthing tantalizing clues about how to design spaces that promote creativity, keep students focused and alert,

Scientists are unearthing tantalizing clues about how to design spaces that promote creativity, keep students focused and alert,

admin2015-02-12  60
问题     Scientists are unearthing tantalizing clues about how to design spaces that promote creativity, keep students focused and alert, and lead to relaxation and social intimacy. The results inform architectural and design decisions such as the height of ceilings, the view from windows, the shape of furniture, and the type and intensity of lighting. Such efforts are leading to cutting-edge projects such as residences for seniors with dementia in which the building itself is part of the treatment.
    In the 1950s prizewinning biologist and doctor Jonas Salk was working on a cure for polio in a dark basement laboratory in Pittsburgh. Progress was slow, so to clear his head, Salk traveled to Assisi, Italy, where he spent time in a 13th-century monastery, ambling amid its columns and cloistered courtyards. Suddenly, Salk found himself awash in new insights, including the one that would lead to his successful polio vaccine. Salk was convinced he had drawn his inspiration from the contemplative setting. He came to believe so strongly in architecture’s ability to influence the mind that he teamed up with renowned architect Louis Kahn to build the Salk Institute in La Jolla, Calif., as a scientific facility that would stimulate breakthroughs and encourage creativity.
    Architects have long intuited that the places we inhabit can affect our thoughts, feelings and behaviors. But now, half a century after Salk’s inspiring excursion, behavioral scientists are giving these hunches an empirical basis. They are unearthing tantalizing clues about how to design spaces that promote creativity, keep students focused and alert, and lead to relaxation and social intimacy. Institutions such as the Academy of Neuroscience for Architecture in San Diego are encouraging interdisciplinary research into how a planned environment influences the mind, and some architecture schools are now offering classes in introductory neuroscience.
    Formal investigations into how humans interact with the built environment began in the 1950s, when several research groups analyzed how the design of hospitals, particularly psychiatric facilities, influenced patient behaviors and outcomes. In the 1960s and 1970s the field that became known as environmental psychology blossomed. The growth of the brain sciences in the late 20th century gave the field a new arsenal of technologies, tools and theories. Researchers began to consider how we can utilize the rigorous methods of neuroscience and a deeper understanding of the brain to inform how we design.
According to Paragraph 1, residences in the future may______.
选项 A、use energy-conservative materials
B、be equipped with voice-control electrical appliance
C、have a standard type and intensity of lighting
D、be helpful for treatment of special diseases
答案D
解析 属信息推断题。选项A和B均属于无中生有，如果凭借常识判断或许均可能发生，但是文章所表述的并非此意，故错误。选项C犯了偷梁换柱的错误，文章只提到住宅采光属于研究结果的一部分，但并未提及要将住宅采光标准化的问题，故错误。第一段最后一句话提到一些先进的住宅，包括老年痴呆症患者的住宅也是治疗的一部分，选项D符合文意，故正确。
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