首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
It is not the thrill of winning, but the thrill of almost winning that sets a problem gambler apart from those who just fancy a
It is not the thrill of winning, but the thrill of almost winning that sets a problem gambler apart from those who just fancy a
admin
2013-02-05
49
问题
It is not the thrill of winning, but the thrill of almost winning that sets a problem gambler apart from those who just fancy a flutter. A strong reaction in the brain in response to "near misses" is correlated with a greater tendency to compulsive gambling, according to new research.
Gambling touches almost everyone, from friends playing online poker to grannies buying lottery tickets. For many it is just good fun, but for some it becomes a weak addiction which wrecks lives: they need bigger wins to satisfy their desire, and when forced to stop they suffer withdrawal symptoms.
Henry Chase and Luke Clark of the University of Cambridge are interested in the cognitive complexities of gamblers. For instance, gamblers often believe that games like picking lottery numbers involve some degree of skill, even though they do not. In games where skill does matter, such as football, a near miss like kicking a ball into the goalpost can rightly be associated with almost scoring a goal. So assigning value to an almost-goal makes some sense. But in games of chance, near misses are meaningless. They say nothing about the future likelihood of winning.
Yet that is not the way many people think about it. Dr. Chase and Dr. Clark have found that in normal healthy volunteers, near misses that won participants not a penny still activated parts of the brain associated with monetary wins. In a new study, they invited 20 volunteers, two of whom were women, to play a kind of slot machine (老虎机) while a functional magnetic-resonance imaging scanner (磁共振成像扫描仪) examined their brain activity. These machines show certain parts of the brain "lighting up" with increased blood flow as they become active.
The volunteers all enjoyed some gambling, ranging from off-course betting on race horses and football matches to playing slot machines, scratch cards and lotteries. All but one volunteer -who had been moderate for a year gambled at least once a week. Bets ranged from five people who routinely spent £ 10—100 a day on gambling and two who were willing to drop over £10 000. Perhaps not surprisingly, 13 of the volunteers would have been considered to have an excessive gambling habit on conventional tests.
The researchers found that those who scored highest in gambling severity also showed the most activity in the midbrain area in response to near misses. This area of the brain is of interest to researchers because it is where dopamine (多巴胺), a neurotransmitter, is produced. Dopamine has been implicated in other addiction studies. It could be the near misses that enhance dopamine transmission in gamblers who suffer the most severe problems, the study suggests. Which means it might be possible to find treatments that reduce dopamine transmission in the brain to take some of the compulsion out of gambling.
The study by Dr. Chase and Dr. Clark shows that normal healthy volunteers______.
选项
A、were not affected by near misses
B、were active only in monetary wins
C、proved to be affected by near misses
D、participated in gambling actively
答案
C
解析
细节推断题。定位句指出,Chase博士和Clark博士发现身体健康的志愿者中,参与游戏的志愿者即使由于近乎命中而分文未赢,他们大脑的部分区域仍然表现活跃,就像是赢了钱一般。由此推测.近乎命中对他们都有影响,故答案为C)。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/dtI7777K
0
大学英语六级
相关试题推荐
Anadvanceddegreeinbusinessstudiesisnowamustforanyambitiousandfocusedexecutivehopingtoclimbthecareerladderi
Musicians—fromkaraokesingerstoprofessionalcelloplayers—arebetterabletoheartargetedsoundsinanoisyenvironment,
Forthispartyyouareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayentitledCollegeEntranceExaminationWithoutEnglish.Youshou
Childmaltreatment(虐待)isaglobalproblemwithseriouslife-longconsequences.Therearenoreliableglobalestimatesforthe
Childrenarelosingtheabilitytoplayproperlybecausetheyarebeinggiventoomanytoysandgames,accordingtoanewresear
A、Hewasarrogantaboutit.B、Hefounditunbelievable.C、Hewasnotsurprisedaboutit.D、Hefoundthetruthunacceptable.B由男士
A、Opinionsaboutthebookarevaried.B、ThemanthinksthebookisexcellentC、Youshouldn’tbelieveeverythingyouread.D、The
Noisyasitwas,hewentonreading__________________(就像什么事情都没有发生一样).
A、Gotosummerschool.B、Takeavacation,C、Stayathome.D、Earnsomemoney,D4个选项都是省略to的动词不定式,说明本题是计划行为题或建议题。问题是关于男士在假期里做想做的事情。
LatinoyouthsneedbettereducationforArizonatotakefulladvantageofthepossibilitiestheirexplodingpopulationoffers.A
随机试题
现存的计算机平台中,哪些系统目前还没有发现被病毒感染_______
阅读下面的文字,回答问题作为思想者的巴金祝勇公元2005年10月17日,巴金走完了他101年的人生之路,不仅他的
Friendsplayanimportantpartinourlives,andalthoughwemaytakefriendshipforgranted,weoftendon’tclearlyunderstand
工程变更总费用增加或减少总共超过“有效合同价格”的()时,应在合同价格上加上或扣除一笔调整金额。
已知甲公司按平均市场价值计量的目标债务权益比为0.8,公司资本成本为10.5%,公司所得税税率为35%。如果该公司的权益资本成本为15%,则该公司税前债务资本成本为()。
______年柏辽兹完成了他一生中最重要的作品______。()
在与领导相处过程中,难免会说错话,办错事,轻则造成领导者不悦,重则造成工作上的损失。你若遇到这一情况。该怎么处理?
甲与乙是一对夫妻,许兵是甲与乙。1978年从福利院收养的男孩,许晶是甲的亲生女儿。长大后,许兵和许晶情投意合,均已达到法定婚龄,遂准备结婚。下列说法中正确的是()。
某研究设计院向不同岗位级别职工支付的工资额以及该院职工人员结构资料分别如图1和图2。根据材料回答问题。下列岗位中,报告期职工人数较基期变化幅度最小的是:
地道翻译
最新回复
(
0
)