首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
自考
Intelligence: a Changed View 1 Intelligence was believed to be a fixed entity, some faculty of the mind that we all possess
Intelligence: a Changed View 1 Intelligence was believed to be a fixed entity, some faculty of the mind that we all possess
admin
2012-10-13
97
问题
Intelligence: a Changed View
1 Intelligence was believed to be a fixed entity, some faculty of the mind that we all possess and which determines in some way the extent of our achievements. Its value therefore, was as a predictor of children’s future learning. If they differed markedly in their ability to learn complex tasks, then it was clearly necessary to educate them differently and the need for different’ types of school and even different ability groups within school was obvious. Intelligence tests could be used for streaming children according to ability at an early age; and at 11 these tests were superior to measures of attainment for selecting children for different types of secondary education.
2 Today, we are beginning to think differently. In the last few years, research has thrown doubt on the view that innate intelligence can ever be measured and on the very nature of intelligence itself. There is considerable evidence now which shows the great influence of environment both on achievement and intelligence. Children with poor home backgrounds not only do less well in their school work and intelligence tests but their performance tends to deteriorate gradually compared with that of their more fortunate classmates.
3 There are evidences that support the view that we have to distinguish between genetic intelligence and observed intelligence. Any deficiency in the appropriate genes will restrict development no matter how stimulating the environment. We cannot observe and measure innate intelligence, whereas we can observe and measure the effects of the interaction of whatever is inherited with whatever stimulation has been received from the environment. Researches have been investigating what happens in this interaction.
4 Two major findings have emerged from these researches. Firstly, the greater part of the development of observed intelligence occurs in the earliest years of life. It is estimated that 50 per cent of measurable intelligence at age 17 is already predictable by the age of 4. Secondly, the most important factors in the environment are language and psychological aspects of the parent-child relationship. Much of the difference in measured intelligence between "privileged" and "disadvantaged" children may be due to the latter’s lack of appropriate verbal stimulation and the poverty of their perceptual experiences.
5 These research findings have led to a revision in our understanding of the nature of intelligence. Instead of it being some largely inherited fixed power of the mind, we now see it as a set of developed skills with which a person copes with any environment. These skills have to be learned and, indeed, one of them is learning how to learn.
A. Main Results of Recent Researches
B. Difference between Genetic and Observed Intelligence
C. Effect of Environment on Intelligence
D. Intelligence and Achievement
E. Impact on School Education
F. A Changed View of Intelligence
Paragraph 2
选项
答案
C
解析
第二段提出了一个新的对智力的认识,和第一段中所讲的传统的理解不同,主要的不同之处在于传统的观点把智力看做是一种不变的能力,而新的观点则认为智力和人的成长环境有关。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/e8AR777K
本试题收录于:
英语(二)题库公共课分类
0
英语(二)
公共课
相关试题推荐
Howoftenonehearschildrenwishingtheyweregrownup,andoldpeoplewishingtheywereyoungagain.Eachagehasitspleasures
Howoftenonehearschildrenwishingtheyweregrownup,andoldpeoplewishingtheywereyoungagain.Eachagehasitspleasures
Severalpeoplehave______(applicant)totheschoolforateachingposition.
BytheTreatyofParisof1763,whichendedthewarwiththeFrenchandtheIndians,EnglandgainedpossessionofCanadaandall
BytheTreatyofParisof1763,whichendedthewarwiththeFrenchandtheIndians,EnglandgainedpossessionofCanadaandall
Thistest______anumberofmultiplechoicequestions.
Ihadanauto-repairmanonce,who,ontheintelligencetests,couldnotpossiblyhavescoredmorethan80,bymyestimate.Ial
Wehearitsaidfrequentlythatwhatpresent-daymenmostdesireissecurity.Ifthatisso,thentheyhaveawrongnotionofwha
Technologyandthedivisionoflaborhavemadeaverylargenumberof______(pay)occupationswhichformerlywereenjoyableworki
Theappealofadvertisingtobuyingmotivescanhavebothnegativeandpositiveeffects.Consumersmaybeconvincedtobuyapro
随机试题
Itisabouttimethatwe________somemeasurestosolvetheproblem.
心迷走神经兴奋后,可引起
地基是( )。
法定盈余公积金是从企业的净利润中按()的比例提取,累计额为公司注册资本的()以上时可以不再提取。
台球、保龄球的营业税税率为()。
一、注意事项1.申论考试,与传统作文考试不同,是对分析驾驭材料的能力、解决问题能力、语言表达能力的测试。2.作答参考时限:阅读材料40分钟,作答110分钟。3.仔细阅读给定的资料,按照后面提出的“申论要求”依次作答。二、给定材料
下列语句中,成语使用错误的一项是()。
除非不把理论当作教条,否则就会束缚思想。以下各项都表达了与题干相同的含义,除了:
Whatdoesthewomanmean?
DeborahKenny’s"BorntoRise"TellsStoryofHarlemVillageAcademiesA)DeborahKenny,CEOoftheHarlemVillageAcademies,is
最新回复
(
0
)