首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
According to Casey, what do designers often forget in designing a system or a product? In Casey’s opinion, designers should als
According to Casey, what do designers often forget in designing a system or a product? In Casey’s opinion, designers should als
admin
2022-07-24
25
问题
According to Casey, what do designers often forget in designing a system or a product?
In Casey’s opinion, designers should also involve human-factor experts in their work in addition to________.
W: At the beginning of the book, you give a quote by the ecologist, Garrett Hardin: "People are the core element in all technology. " Do designers tend to forget that?
M: Well, it is often forgotten. Not just designers but engineers, and I think the stories in the book tend to speak to that point—make examples of instances in which engineers or designers didn’t incorporate human factors into the design of the system or the product.
W: As technology becomes more sophisticated, do you think human error is actually increasing or it’s just becoming more noticeable?
M: I think it’s probably a case of both. The systems are more complex, and it’s also more noticeable because as things become more sophisticated, one individual has so much more power to disrupt the system—whether it’s a nuclear power plant or an aircraft with 555 people on board. The opportunities for amplifying the consequences of error are increasing all the time.
W: Instead of user error, you prefer the term "design-induced error". Is it ever appropriate to blame the user?
M: I use the term as it’s commonly used in this field, "design-induced error", and the stories that I’ve selected for the book really focus on the user interface. I’ve tried to select stories where there is a deficiency in the system or the actual interface that the operator uses could have been done better.
W: I ask because in several of the stories, it seems there were adequate procedures in place, but the users just decided not to follow them.
M: That is true. In the lead story, for example, "The Atomic Chef, there were procedures in place. There was a very expensive and elaborate system for making the uranium fuel for this breeder reactor, but the three operators, along with their supervisors, did make the decision simply not to use the system that had been put into place to avoid exactly the kind of accident that happened. In 1999, two workers were killed at Japan’s JCO Nuclear Fuel Processing Facility when a solution they were mixing reached nuclear criticality. But again, I think it’s a good example of a systemic problem within an organization. The whole social aspect of that setting was as important as, say, a one-on-one operator interface, and these issues, I think will become increasingly important in the future.
W: You run your own human-factors research and design firm. Do clients generally call you before or after something goes wrong?
M: Most of the time it’s before. Occasionally I do get involved in something where there has been a problem, or the client is aware of a problem, or oftentimes they’ll know that, say, a competitor’s product does a better job in this regard in terms of its ease of use, for example. So it’s both, really.
W: Do you see patterns in the issues they are facing?
M: Most of my work is with vehicles of one kind or another, whether they are automobiles or aircraft or agricultural or construction machines, so the types of things that I deal with are surprisingly consistent from one machine to the next. I do tend to see similar issues as technologies migrate from one class of vehicle to another—or example, GPS systems migrating from cars into farm equipment, and so forth, so I see similar types of issues.
W: What’s the answer in all these? Should designers be involved in real users in their work?
M: Absolutely. There is no question about that. And they should also involve human-factors experts. And I don’t think there is any question that designers in general are increasingly using users and seeking user input in the design of products and systems.
W: Can we ever expect to eliminate human error entirely?
M: No, and it wouldn’t be expected, but what we can do, knowing what we do know about human behavior and people’s expectations and their talents and their deficiencies, is strive to minimize the likelihood of operator error.
W: One last question: Did these sorts of errors ever happen to you?
M: Oh, no, I’m perfect. Ha…Sure, I have trouble operating my VCR just like everybody else. So, yes, they do happen to me, and I’m probably as intolerant as most people in terms of experiencing frustrations with devices that should be, and could be, a lot easier to use.
选项
答案
real users
解析
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/eBPd777K
本试题收录于:
公共英语五级笔试题库公共英语(PETS)分类
0
公共英语五级笔试
公共英语(PETS)
相关试题推荐
Themovementofthesuncreatesperiodsof______.
______hotweathermaycauseserioushealthproblemsassociatedwithairpollution?______thedeadlyheatwavecankillpeople?
Tostartanewbusiness,youshouldfirst______.
Ittakesonlyatinymagneticfieldtoseeclearthroughaperson’shead,anewstudyshows.Amethodcalledultra-lowfieldmag
Childrenwhogriptheirpenstooclosetothewritingpointarelikelytobeatadisadvantageinexaminations,(31)tothefirs
SectionⅣWritingThenumberofyoungpeoplewholivetogetherbeforemarriagehasincreasedinrecentyears.Theadvocates
Forachild,happinesshasamagicalnature.Iremembermakinghide-outsinnewly-cuthay,playingcopsandrobbersinthewoods
Note:AnswereachquestionbychoosingA,B,CorDandmarkitonANSWERSHEET1.Somechoicesmayberequiredmorethanonce.
Inrecentyears,therehasbeenasteadyassaultonsaltfromthedoctors:Saltisbadforyou—regardlessofyourhealth.Politi
Throughouthistorytherehavebeenmanyunusualtaxesleviedonsuchthingsashats,beds,baths,marriages,andfunerals.Atonetim
随机试题
什么叫淹塔?什么叫冲塔?
孔板流量计是()式流量计。
可修复废品返修以前发生的费用,应转出至“废品损失”科目中进行成本核算。【】
下列关于地形图的表述中,错误的有()。
甲、乙、丙三家公司组成联合体投标中标了一栋写字楼工程,施工过程中因甲施工的工程质量问题而出现赔偿责任,则建设单位()。
()是随着时间的推移而减少的。
教师的个性、情趣、健康以及处理人际关系的品质等统称为教师的_________。
分布式DBS扣,DBMS的功能如何划分?有哪两种方法?
阅读下列说明,回答问题,将解答填入答题纸的对应栏内。【说明】A公司中标某客户业务系统的运行维护服务项目,服务期从2018年1月1日至2018年12月31日。在服务合同中,A公司向客户承诺该系统全年的非计划中断时间不超过20小时。1月初
Sometrytoreasonwiththepoliceofficerwhohaspulledthemoverforsomerealorimaginedtrafficoffense.Butwhenlawenfo
最新回复
(
0
)