首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Engineering for sustainable development The Greenhouse Project (Himalayan mountain region) Problem Short growing season bec
Engineering for sustainable development The Greenhouse Project (Himalayan mountain region) Problem Short growing season bec
admin
2022-09-09
47
问题
Engineering for sustainable development
The Greenhouse Project (Himalayan mountain region)
Problem
Short growing season because of high altitude and low【L31】________
Fresh vegetables imported by lorry or by【L32】________, so are expensive
Need to use sunlight to prevent local plants from【L33】________Previous programmes to provide greenhouses were【L34】________
New greenhouse
Meets criteria for sustainability
Simple and【L35】________to build
Made mainly from local materials (mud or stone for the walls, wood and【L36】________for the roof)
Building and maintenance done by local craftsmen Relies solely on【L37】________energy
Only families who have a suitable【L38】________can own one
Design
Long side faces south
Strong polythene cover
Inner【L39】________are painted black or white
Social benefits
Owners’ status is improved
Rural【L40】________have greater opportunities
More children are educated
【L34】
Good afternoon. This is the first of a series of lectures I’ll be giving about engineering for sustainable development. I’ll be presenting examples of engineering projects from a variety of contexts, and today I’m going to talk about a project to design a new kind of greenhouse for use in the Himalayan mountain regions.
First of all, I’ll tell you about the problem which was the context for this project. In the Himalayan mountains, fresh vegetables and other crops can only be grown outside for about ninety days, during the summer, because the altitude of the region is around 3500 metres, and
because the rainfall is so low
. In winter, temperatures fall below minus 25 degrees Celsius, so fresh vegetables have to be imported. They arrive by truck in summer or
by air in winter
, which makes them expensive. Local people rely on dried leafy vegetables and stored root crops during the winter, and rarely eat fresh vegetables.
But despite the sub-zero temperatures, the skies over the region are cloudless, and there are over three hundred sunny days per year. So an engineering solution was needed, to exploit the sun’s energy and
protect locally produced plants from freezing during winter
. And in fact,
there has been programmes in the past to provide greenhouses, but these were unsuccessful
. The greenhouses weren’t adapted for local conditions, so they tended to fall into disuse.
So, a few years ago, a project was initiated to design a better greenhouse, one which would meet the criteria for sustainability.
So, what are the criteria for sustainability? Well, first of all, the new greenhouse is designed to be relatively simple,
so construction is cheap
. Locally available materials are used wherever possible. The walls are generally constructed of mud bricks, made locally, although in areas of high snow-fall more resilient walls of stone are needed. Rammed earth is also used. The main roof is generally made from locally available poplar wood,
with water-resistant local grass for the covering
. In addition, the construction and maintenance of the greenhouse are done by local craftsmen. So local stone masons are employed to build the greenhouse walls, and specialised training is provided for them wherever necessary.
Then...
the greenhouse is designed to run on solar power alone
, there’s no supplementary heating. And lastly, families are selected to own one of the new greenhouses with great care.
They have to have a site which is suitable for constructing it on
. They also have to be keen to make a success of using it, and also to share the produce with the wider community through sale or barter. Potential owners are taken to see existing greenhouses before they make a final decision about having one.
So, those are the features which make the project sustainable. And now I’ll briefly describe the design of the greenhouse. The greenhouses are orientated very carefully along an East-West axis so that there’s a long south-facing side. The transparent cover on the south-facing side is made from a heavy-duty polythene, which should last for at least five years.
On the inside of the greenhouse, the walls are painted
— the rear and west-facing walls are black, to improve heat absorption, but the east-facing wall is white to reflect the morning sunlight onto the crops inside. Finally, there’s a door in the wall at one end, and vents are incorporated into the roof, the door and the wall at the other end, to enable control of humidity and prevent overheating.
I’ll turn now to the benefits which have resulted from the introduction of these new greenhouses. These benefits are of various kinds, but for now I’ll just mention the social benefits.
First of all, people who own a greenhouse gain social standing in their communities, because they provide vegetables for the wider community, for regular consumption as well as for festivals, and they also earn income. Secondly,
because in rural areas it is women who usually grow the food, the greenhouses have increased their opportunities
. They bring the benefits of improved nutrition, and increased family income, from the sale of surplus produce. And thirdly, as a result of their improved financial position, some families can now afford to educate their children for the first time.
选项
答案
unsuccessful
解析
本题询问之前的项目结果怎么样了。录音原文中的programmes in the past是题目Previous programmes的同义替换,故空格处填入unsuccessful。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/eBnD777K
本试题收录于:
雅思听力题库雅思(IELTS)分类
0
雅思听力
雅思(IELTS)
相关试题推荐
设有定义:chars[81];inti=0;以下不能将一行(不超过80个字符)带有空格的字符串正确读入的语句或语句组是
软件测试的目的是()。
使用VC6打开考生文件夹下的工程test32_3。此工程包含一个test32_3.cpp,其中定义了复数类complex,但该类的定义并不完整。请按要求完成下列操作,将程序补充完整。(1)定义复数类complex的私有数据成员real和image,
考生文件夹下存在一个数据库文件“samp2.mdb”,里面已经设计好表对象“tCourse”、“tGrade”和“tStudent”,试按以下要求完成设计:(1)创建一个查询,查找并显示“姓名”、“政治面貌”和“毕业学校”三个字段的内容,所建查询名
CandidateA-Howdopeoplemakecareerchoicestoday?-WhatproblemsisChinaRedCrossfacingnow?-Whatdoyou
Interlocutor:Now,I’dlikeeachofyoutotalkonyourownforaboutaminute.I’mgoingtogiveeachofyoutwodifferentphot
Jimwasbornafterhiselderbrotherandsister.Hecouldlearnmanythingsfromthem.Soon,hedevelopedhisownwayofdoingt
Kidswithspecialneedsrefertoanykidwhomightneedextrahelpbecauseofamedical,emotional,orlearningproblem.Forexa
Travellingcanbeawonderfuladventure.Travellingbyairplane,however,canbeverytiring.Thefollowing【K1】________(be)s
Teamworkplaysanimportantpartinourdailylifeandwork,butsometimesproblemswillarisewhenweareteamingup.Istillr
随机试题
HLA-B27阳性最常见于
患者,女,58岁。水肿3个月,血压120/70mmHg,尿蛋白(+++~++++),尿红细胞5~15个/HP,血白蛋白25g/L,免疫球蛋白正常,补体C3降低,血糖正常,B超示双肾大小正常。其他可见到血中补体C3下降的肾疾病还有1.狼疮性肾炎2.I
关于子宫内膜异位症的好发年龄,下列哪项正确( )
真头痛的临床特点有()
下列法律规定中,不属于特别诉讼时效的有:()
下列临时用房和临时设施应纳入施工现场总平面布局的有()
简述国际经济合作的类型。
金融制度的创新是指()。
对立法的概念的理解,下列说法正确的是
Humansnotonlyloveeatingicecream,theyenjoy(1)_____ittotheirpets.Marketstudiesshowthattwothirdsofalldogowne
最新回复
(
0
)