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  3. Police in the popular resort city Virginia Beach recently began operating video surveillance cameras with controversial face rec

Police in the popular resort city Virginia Beach recently began operating video surveillance cameras with controversial face rec

admin2015-04-10  36
问题     Police in the popular resort city Virginia Beach recently began operating video surveillance cameras with controversial face recognition technology. Virginia Beach and Tampa in Florida are two cities in the United States to acquire the technology, which cost it $197,000. "Before we switched it on, we went through an extensive public education process with hearings and the involvement of citizen groups and minority groups, who helped write the policies we are using," said deputy police chief Greg Mullen. A citizens’ auditing committee has the right to perform unannounced spot checks on police headquarters to make sure the technology is not being misused.
    Three of the city’s 13 cameras are linked full-time to the face recognition system, though the others can be activated as needed. The database of wanted people is updated every day. So far, the system has failed to produce a single arrest, though it has generated a few false alarms. It works by analyzing faces based on a series of measurements, such as the distance from the tip of the nose to the chin or the space between the eyes. Critics say it is highly inaccurate and can be easily fooled. Mullen, who sees the system eventually being linked to the databases of other city, state and federal law enforcement agencies to track criminals and suspected terrorists, said, "The system doesn’t look at skin color or your hair or your gender. It takes human prejudices out of the equation. "
    "This technology has little or no effect on the crime rate but it does have an effect on people’s behavior. People feel cowed," said Bruce Steinhardt, who directs a technology. Despite the fact that tests have shown face recognition only works in around 30 percent of cases, the ACLU is alarmed that the technology may soon spread to airports. The organization also fears it could potentially be used to monitor individuals’ political activities to harass law-abiding citizens.
    "This kind of surveillance should be subject to the same procedures as wiretaps. Law enforcement agencies should justify why they need it and it should be tightly limited, otherwise it will soon become a tool of social control," said Mihir Kshirsagar of the Electronic Information Privacy Center. Nor does such criticism come exclusively from the political left. Lawyer John Whitehead, founder of the conservative Rutherford Institute, wrote in an editorial that the technology threatened the right of each U. S. citizen to participate in society. "After all, that is exactly what constant surveillance is—the ultimate implied threat of coercion," he wrote.
Why does the system fail to arrest a wanted person?
选项 A、The system is not effective in recognizing people.
B、The system does not look at skin color or one’s gender.
C、The system does not consider people’s specific features.
D、The system is highly inaccurate and can be easily fooled.
答案C
解析 为什么这个系统未能抓到一个通缉犯?[A]这个系统在识别人的特征方面没有效果。[B]这个系统不看人的肤色或者性别。[C]这个系统不考虑人的具体特征。[D]这个系统非常不准确，容易被愚弄。文章第二段讲述了面部识别系统的运行情况，系统迄今尚未抓到一个通缉犯，不过倒是虚发了几次警报。这是因为这个系统是通过测量来分析面部进行运作的，即它不看人的肤色、头发或性别，只是根据一些面部测量的数据。这说明这个系统不考虑人的具体特征，而是通过一系列测量来对面部进行分析，所以它的准确率非常低，因而抓不到通缉犯。所以，正确答案是[C]。[A]“这个系统在识别人的特征方面没有效果”不具体；[B]即马伦的话，虽然是事实，但是“不看人的肤色、性别”并不具体，无法说明“迄今尚未抓到通缉犯”的理由；[D]是批评家的看法，不是这个命题的理由。
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