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  3. Although there are body languages that can cross cultural boundaries, culture is still a significant factor in all body language

Although there are body languages that can cross cultural boundaries, culture is still a significant factor in all body language

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问题     Although there are body languages that can cross cultural boundaries, culture is still a significant factor in all body languages. This is particularly true of personal space needs. For example, Dr. Edward Hall has shown that in Japan crowding together is a sign of warm and pleasant intimacy. In certain situations, Hall believes that the Japanese prefer crowding.
    Donald Keene, who wrote Living Japan, notes the fact that in the Japanese language there is no word for privacy. Still this does not mean there is no concept of the need to be apart from others. To the Japanese, privacy exists in terms of his house. He considers this area as his own, and he dislikes invasion of it. The fact that he crowds together with others does not contradict his needs for living space.
    Dr. Hall sees this as a reflection of the Japanese concept of space. Westerners, he believed, see space as the distance between objects; to them space is empty. The Japanese, on the other hand, see space as having as much meaning as their flower arrangement and art, and the shape of their gardens as well, where units of space balance the areas containing flowers or plants.
    Like the Japanese, the Arabs too prefer to be close to one another. But while in public they are crowded together, in privacy, they prefer a great deal of space. The traditional or wealthy Arab house is large and empty, with family often crowded together in one small area of it. The Arabs do not like to be alone, and even in their spacious houses they will huddle together. The difference between the Arab huddling and the Japanese crowding is a deep thing. The Arabs like to touch his companion. The Japanese, in their closeness, preserve a formality and a cool dignity. They manage to touch and still keep rigid boundaries. The Arabs push these boundaries aside.
    Along with this closeness, there is a pushing and shoving in the Arab world that many Westerners find uncomfortable, even unpleasant. To an American, for example, there are personal boundaries even in a public place. When he is waiting in line, he believes that his place there is his alone, and may not be invaded by another. The Arab has no concept of privacy in a public place, and if he can push his way into a line, he feels perfectly within his rights to do so. To an American, the body is sacred; he dislikes being touched by a stranger, and will apologize if he touches another accidentally. To an Arab, bodily contact is accepted.
    Hall points out that an Arab needs at times to be alone, no matter how close he wishes to be, physically, to his fellow men. To be alone, he simply cuts off the lines of communication. He retreats into himself, mentally and spiritually, and this withdrawal is respected by his companions. If an American were with an Arab who withdrew in this way, he would regard it as impolite, as lack of respect, even as an insult.
It can be inferred from the passage that________.
选项 A、the Arabs reject any irritating bodily contact
B、the Arabs avoid any bodily contact with strangers
C、even impolite bodily contact is acceptable by the Arabs
D、bodily contact is a way to show friendliness by the Arabs
答案C
解析 本题题干没有关键词，但可以通过选项中的Arabs定位原文。根据第五段第一句可知，阿拉伯人可以接受互相推搡(pushing and shoving)的肢体接触，而这使西方人感到不舒服，甚至不快(uncomfortable，even unpleasant)。这与选项C中的“可以接受粗鲁(impolite)的肢体接触”属于相同含义，是正确答案。选项A“阿拉伯人拒绝任何恼人的肢体接触”与原文内容相反，属于正反混淆。选项B“阿拉伯人避免与陌生人发生任何肢体接触”，定位到第五段第五句和第六句，原文中说到美国人拒绝与陌生人的肢体接触，丽阿拉伯人则可以接受这种身体触碰，因此该选项属于偷换概念。选项D“肢体接触是阿拉伯人展示友好的方式”，原文并没有提到相关信息，属于无中生有。
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