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  3. The essential problem of man in a computerized age remains the same as it has always been. That problem is not solely how to be

The essential problem of man in a computerized age remains the same as it has always been. That problem is not solely how to be

admin2013-02-05  90
问题     The essential problem of man in a computerized age remains the same as it has always been. That problem is not solely how to be more productive, more comfortable, but how to be more sensitive, more sensible, more alive. The computer makes possible a gigantic leap in human proficiency; it demolishes the fences around the practical and even the theoretical intelligence. But the question persists and indeed grows whether the computer will make it easier or harder for human beings to know how they really are, to identify their real problems, to respond more fully to beauty, to place adequate value on life, and to make their world safer than it is now.
    Electronic brains can reduce the profusion (繁多) of dead ends involved in research. But they can’t connect a man to the things he has to be connected to.. the reality of pain in others; the possibilities of creative growth in himself; the memory of the race and the rights of the next generation.
    The reason why these matters are important in a computerized age is that there may be a tendency to mistake data for wisdom, just as there has always been a tendency to confuse logic with values, and intelligence with insight. Unobstructed access to facts can produce unlimited good only if it is matched by the desire and ability to find out what they mean and where they would lead.
    Facts are terrible things if left spreading and unattended. They are too easily regarded as evaluated certainties rather than as the rawest of raw materials trying to be processed into the texture of logic. It requires a very unusual mind to undertake the analysis of a fact. The computer can provide a correct number, but it may be an irrelevant number until judgment is pronounced.
    To the extent, then, that man fails to make the distinction between the intermediate operations of electronic intelligence and the ultimate responsibilities of human decision and conscience, the computer could prove an irrelevance. It could obscure man’s awareness of the need to come to terms with himself. It may foster the illusion that he is asking fundamental questions when actually he is asking only functional ones. It may be regarded as a substitute for intelligence instead of an extension of it. It may promote undue confidence in concrete answers.
    If we begin with certainties, we shall end in doubts, but if we begin with doubts, and we are patient with them, we shall end in certainties.
The author sees the computer as ________.
选项 A、a substitute for human intelligence
B、a means to help people reach concrete answers
C、something that can inspire people to ask fundamental questions
D、something that is of merely subsidiary function
答案D
解析 段落大意推论题。倒数第二段指出，如果人们无法区分人工智能的中介作用与人类判断力的最终责任性，电脑则只能证明不相关的事物。电脑有一定的误导性，使人们误以为自己提出的功能性问题就是本质性问题，也使人们误以为电脑就是人类智力的替代品 (substitute)，而事实上电脑只是人类智力的延伸(extension)，由此可见，作者认为电脑只具有次要辅助功能(subsidiary function)。
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