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  3. Male bowerbirds construct elaborately decorated nests, or bowers. Basing their judgment on the fact that different local populat

Male bowerbirds construct elaborately decorated nests, or bowers. Basing their judgment on the fact that different local populat

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问题 Male bowerbirds construct elaborately decorated nests, or bowers. Basing their judgment on the fact that different local populations of bowerbirds of the same species build bowers that exhibit different building and decorative styles, researchers have concluded that the bowerbirds’ building styles are a culturally acquired, rather than a genetically transmitted, trait. Which of the following, if true, would most strengthen the conclusion drawn by the researchers?
选项 A、There are more common characteristics than there are differences among the bower-building styles of the local bowerbird population that has been studied most extensively.
B、Young male bowerbirds are inept at bower-building and apparently spend years watching their elders before becoming accomplished in the local bower style.
C、The bowers of one species of bowerbird lack the towers and ornamentation characteristic of the bowers of most other species of bowerbird.
D、Bowerbirds are found only in New Guinea and Australia, where local populations of the birds apparently seldom have contact with one another.
E、It is well known that the song dialects of some songbirds are learned rather than transmitted genetically.
答案B
解析 选项(B)中的信息说年轻的园丁鸟慢慢地掌握了构筑凉棚的方式，这表明这种技巧是他们必须学习才能得来，而不是完全基因遗传得来的。选项(B)也指出了一种后天修习传播的一种方式，即通过观看年长的乌的技术。因此，(B)支持了该结论，是正确答案；构筑方式的相似超过差异[选项(A)]和本地鸟群很少接触[选项(D)]都与构筑方式的差异是后天习得的或通过遗传传递的没有矛盾；园丁鸟种类之间的差异[选项(C)]不是要讨论的问题；最后，选项(E)确认了鸟类学习技巧的可能性，但并不能证明构筑凉棚的方式是习得的。
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